Remote leak monitoring of gaseous uranium hexafluoride by UVDIAL

Shayeganrad, Gholamreza; Mashhadi, Leila

doi:10.1117/12.829585

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…A schematic diagram of the combination of DIAL and Raman lidar is shown in Figure 3. The description of our DIAL system is provided in details in the earlier papers [8]. The Nd:YAG laser is a Q-switched with pulse repetition rate of 10 Hz and pulsewidth of 10 ns with an output power of several 100 mJ per pulse at the fundamental wavelength, 1064 nm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Remotely Monitoring Uranium-Enrichment Plants with Detection of Gaseous Uranium Hexafluoride and HF Using Lidar

Shayeganrad¹

2018

Uranium - Safety, Resources, Separation and Thermodynamic Calculation

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A sudden release of UF 6 inside a building or to the atmosphere could conceivably cause undesirable health effects to workers and the public in general, mainly associated with the exposure to hydrolysis products HF and UO 2 F 2. Although the hydrolysis reaction of UF 6 is fast, after escaping of UF 6 into the atmosphere, besides HF and UO 2 F 2 ,U F 6 may also be found in the atmosphere. This chapter proposes a real-time technique to provide information to technical personnel and facility operators on the atmospheric release of UF 6 to ensure that the workers, the public, and the environment are adequately protected. The system comprises a combined differential absorption lidar (DIAL) and Raman lidar to detect gaseous UF 6 and HF, simultaneously. The DIAL provides information on UF 6 concentration using a frequency-quadrupled Nd:YAG laser at 266 nm as the off-wavelength and a Nd:-YAG-pumped Coumarin 450 dye laser using a Littrow grating mounting operating in the frequency doubled at 245 nm as the on-wavelength. Recording Raman scattering of molecular HF at wavelength of 297.3 nm (with Raman frequency shift of 3959 cm À1) is a versatile technique to identify HF as a probe for real-time detection and localization of UF 6 leaks.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the previous works, we proposed an UV-DIAL for measuring UF 6 c o n c e n t r a t i o ni nt h e atmosphere [7,8]. In the UV region, signal to noise ratio (SNR) can be enhanced due to the varying of the Rayleigh and Raman backscattered signal as λ À4 ,w h e r eλ is wavelength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remotely Monitoring Uranium-Enrichment Plants with Detection of Gaseous Uranium Hexafluoride and HF Using Lidar

Shayeganrad¹

2018

Uranium - Safety, Resources, Separation and Thermodynamic Calculation

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“…The model result reveals the maximum temperature increase by using susceptor and the efficiency of microwave heating depends on the sample size and thermal conductivity. Shayeganrad et al [12] found experimentally that thick metal objects in a microwave oven reflect the microwave. While thin metal generates electric current on the metal surface forming with the microwave frequency a high electric field at the objects tips.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric Field Prediction using Micro-plasma Inside a Microwave Cavity for Soot Oxidation

Al-Wakeel

Karim

Al-Kayiem

2014

MATEC Web of Conferences

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Abstract. The reduction of the harmful emission soot is necessary in recent years due to the environmental protection regulation. Soot is a carbonaceous matter and a strong absorber of microwave energy. Microwave heating offers the advantage over conventional heating to oxide soot. Where plasma is high electric field that leads to instantaneous temperature rising. This paper proposes a recent concept for soot oxidation using micro-plasma in a microwave cavity. The concept was presented by simulating the electric field using microwave heating and thin metal object. Five cases were examined numerically in a mono-mode TE10 microwave cavity WR430 having closed surfaces of perfect electric conductors working under 2.45 GHz frequency and 1500 W power supply to predict the electric field and dissipated heat distribution. The methodology of prediction was implemented using ANSYS based on FEM. The present prediction results showed higher electric field (400 kV/m) and high dissipated heat (3.7x10 10 W/m 3 ) can be obtained for a soot sample backed with metal rods inserted vertically with gaps not exceeding 1.5 mm between the rods tips. Also increasing the number of metal rods, from 8 to 14 increases the maximum value of electric field formed in the soot sample to 575 kV/m. The simulation results revealed the ability of achieving high electric field by using microwave heating with the assistance of metal objects.

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“…Many numerical studies were conducted on microwave heating, where Tada et al [2], solved Maxwell equations employing two-dimensional Finite Deference Time Domain (FDTD) to investigate the electromagnetic field and power distributions in a microwave applicator filled partially with a dielectric material. Shayeganrad et al [3] investigated the sparking of metal objects within the microwave oven, based on the electrostatic field. The experimental finding is the spark result from electric current induced in the metal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of Microwave Heating for Soot Oxidation

Al-Wakeel

Karim

Al-Kayiem

2014

AMM

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This paper presents the simulation of microwave heating by coupling high frequency electromagnetic with transient heat transfer using finite element method edge base of ANSYS software. Helmholtz equation of electric field has been formulated from Maxwell equations to predict electric field and the mathematical model of transient thermal analysis was included. Three cases have been examined numerically to investigate electric field, dissipated heat, temperature distribution and weight loss of soot at operation frequency 2.45 GHz. The simulation results showed that heat is generated from inside to outside of soot. The temperature at penetration depth increased till ignition point and after further heating, maximum temperature was attained, followed by temperature decreases due to mass transport. Maximum electric field was found to be located on the front face for the small samples with dimensions less than penetration depth. The predicted results have been compared with experimental results which show the validity of the simulation.

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Remote leak monitoring of gaseous uranium hexafluoride by UVDIAL

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Remotely Monitoring Uranium-Enrichment Plants with Detection of Gaseous Uranium Hexafluoride and HF Using Lidar

Remotely Monitoring Uranium-Enrichment Plants with Detection of Gaseous Uranium Hexafluoride and HF Using Lidar

Electric Field Prediction using Micro-plasma Inside a Microwave Cavity for Soot Oxidation

Numerical Simulation of Microwave Heating for Soot Oxidation

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