Remote Moderator and Observer Experiences and Decision-making During Usability Testing of a Web-Based Empathy Training Portal: Content Analysis

Abstract

Background COVID-19 restrictions severely curtailed empirical endeavors that involved in-person interaction, such as usability testing sessions for technology development. Researchers and developers found themselves using web-based moderation for usability testing. Skilled remote moderators and observers are fundamental in this approach. However, to date, more empirical work is needed that captures the perceptions and support needs of moderators and observers in testing situations. Objective The aim of this paper was to identify remote moderator and observer participant experiences and their use of certain tools to capture feedback of users as they interact with the web browser application. Methods This research is part of a broader study on an educational web browser application for nursing students to learn perspective taking and enhance their perceptual understanding of a dialogue partner’s thoughts and feelings. The broader study used a quantitative and think-aloud qualitative problem-discovery usability study design. This case study explored written accounts of the remote moderator and observer participants regarding their roles, experiences, and reactions to the testing protocol and their suggestions for improved techniques and strategies for conducting remote usability testing. Content analysis was used to analyze participants’ experiences in the usability testing sessions. Results We collected data from 1 remote moderator and 2 remote observers. Five themes were identified: dealing with personal stressors, dealing with user anxiety, maintaining social presence, ethical response to the study protocol, and communication during sessions. The participants offered recommendations for the design of future remote testing activities as well as evidence-informed training materials for usability project personnel. Conclusions This study’s findings contribute to a growing body of endeavors to understand human-computer interaction and its impact on remote moderator and observer roles. As technology rapidly advances, more remote usability testing will occur where the knowledge gleaned in this study can have an impact. Recommendations based on moderator and observer participant perspectives identify the need for more evidence-informed training materials for their roles that focus on web-based interpersonal communication skills, execution of user testing protocols, troubleshooting technology and test user issues, proficiency in web conferencing platforms, behavior analysis and feedback technologies, and time management.

Usability Testing of a Web-Based Empathy Training Portal: Mixed Methods Study

“…Planning ensured good lines of communication and coordination of “testing” protocols between the research personnel. A detailed description of the role expectations for, and experiences of, the remote moderator and remote observers is provided elsewhere [ 35 ].…”

“…Full details of the application development process have been reported elsewhere [ 35 ]. The IYS web application consists of the following features and tasks for students to learn and practice their perspective-taking skills in the order in which they have been presented in this section:…”

Remote Inclusion of Vulnerable Users in mHealth Intervention Design: Retrospective Case Analysis

“…Some examples of such research exist: Hill et al [ 20 ] reviewed practical approaches for remote user testing in older adults. Other researchers have compared findings between remote and nonremote methods [ 21 ] or discussed specific aspects of the testing, including moderator and observer roles [ 5 , 22 ]. However, few studies have detailed the implementation of user-centered design in mHealth [ 3 ] or reflected on the researcher and participant experiences [ 23 ] in intervention design targeting vulnerable or diverse population groups.…”