Remote Operations and Nightly Automation of the Red Buttes Observatory

Kasper, David C.; Ellis, Tyler G.; Yeigh, Rex R.; Kobulnicky, Henry A.; Jang‐Condell, Hannah; Kelley, Mark; Bucher, Gerald J.; Weger, James S.

doi:10.1088/1538-3873/128/968/105005

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…We observed a transit of TOI-3757 b on the night of 2021 November 17 using the 0.6 m telescope at the Red Buttes Observatory (RBO) in Wyoming (Kasper et al 2016). The telescope is a f/8.43 Ritchey-Chrétien Cassegrain constructed by DFM Engineering, Inc, and it is currently equipped with an Apogee Alta F16 camera.…”

Section: Red Buttes Observatorymentioning

confidence: 99%

TOI-3757 b: A Low-density Gas Giant Orbiting a Solar-metallicity M Dwarf

Kanodia¹,

Libby-Roberts²,

Cañas³

et al. 2022

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We present the discovery of a new Jovian-sized planet, TOI-3757 b, the lowest-density transiting planet known to orbit an M dwarf (M0V). This planet was discovered around a solar-metallicity M dwarf, using Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite photometry and confirmed with precise radial velocities from the Habitable-zone Planet Finder (HPF) and NEID. With a planetary radius of 12.0 − 0.5 + 0.4 R ⊕ and mass of 85.3 − 8.7 + 8.8 M ⊕, not only does this object add to the small sample of gas giants (∼10) around M dwarfs, but also its low density ( ρ = 0.27 − 0.04 + 0.05 g cm−3) provides an opportunity to test theories of planet formation. We present two hypotheses to explain its low density; first, we posit that the low metallicity of its stellar host (∼0.3 dex lower than the median metallicity of M dwarfs hosting gas giants) could have played a role in the delayed formation of a solid core massive enough to initiate runaway accretion. Second, using the eccentricity estimate of 0.14 ± 0.06, we determine it is also plausible for tidal heating to at least partially be responsible for inflating the radius of TOI-3757b b. The low density and large scale height of TOI-3757 b makes it an excellent target for transmission spectroscopy studies of atmospheric escape and composition (transmission spectroscopy measurement of ∼ 190). We use HPF to perform transmission spectroscopy of TOI-3757 b using the helium 10830 Å line. Doing this, we place an upper limit of 6.9% (with 90% confidence) on the maximum depth of the absorption from the metastable transition of He at ∼10830 Å, which can help constraint the atmospheric mass-loss rate in this energy-limited regime.

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Section: Red Buttes Observatorymentioning

confidence: 99%

TOI-3757 b: A Low-density Gas Giant Orbiting a Solar-metallicity M Dwarf

Kanodia¹,

Libby-Roberts²,

Cañas³

et al. 2022

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“…We observed a transit of TOI-5205b on 2022 May 10 (Figure 3(e)) using the 0.6 m telescope at the Red Buttes Observatory (RBO) in Wyoming (Kasper et al 2016). The RBO telescope is an f/8.43 Ritchey-Chrétien Cassegrain constructed by DFM Engineering, Inc.…”

Section: 6 M Rbomentioning

confidence: 99%

TOI-5205b: A Short-period Jovian Planet Transiting a Mid-M Dwarf

Kanodia

Mahadevan

Libby-Roberts

et al. 2023

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We present the discovery of TOI-5205b, a transiting Jovian planet orbiting a solar metallicity M4V star, which was discovered using Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite photometry and then confirmed using a combination of precise radial velocities, ground-based photometry, spectra, and speckle imaging. TOI-5205b has one of the highest mass ratios for M-dwarf planets, with a mass ratio of almost 0.3%, as it orbits a host star that is just 0.392 ± 0.015 M ⊙. Its planetary radius is 1.03 ± 0.03 R J, while the mass is 1.08 ± 0.06 M J. Additionally, the large size of the planet orbiting a small star results in a transit depth of ∼7%, making it one of the deepest transits of a confirmed exoplanet orbiting a main-sequence star. The large transit depth makes TOI-5205b a compelling target to probe its atmospheric properties, as a means of tracing the potential formation pathways. While there have been radial-velocity-only discoveries of giant planets around mid-M dwarfs, this is the first transiting Jupiter with a mass measurement discovered around such a low-mass host star. The high mass of TOI-5205b stretches conventional theories of planet formation and disk scaling relations that cannot easily recreate the conditions required to form such planets.

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“…We observed TOI-5375 on the night of 2022 April 4 UT using the 0.6 m telescope at Red Buttes Observatory (RBO) in Wyoming (Kasper et al 2016). RBO is equipped with an Andor Apogee Alta F16 camera and uses the 2 × 2 on-chip binning mode, which has a gain of 1.4 e − /ADU and a plate scale of 0 73 pixel −1 .…”

Section: Rbo Photometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

TOI-5375 B: A Very Low Mass Star at the Hydrogen-burning Limit Orbiting an Early M-type Star* †

Lambert

Bender

Kanodia

et al. 2023

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The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission detected a companion orbiting TIC 71268730, categorized it as a planet candidate, and designated the system TOI-5375. Our follow-up analysis using radial-velocity data from the Habitable-zone Planet Finder, photometric data from Red Buttes Observatory, and speckle imaging with NN-EXPLORE Exoplanet Stellar Speckle Imager determined that the companion is a very low mass star near the hydrogen-burning mass limit with a mass of 0.080 ± 0.002M ☉ (83.81 ± 2.10M J ), a radius of 0.1114 − 0.0050 + 0.0048 R ☉ (1.0841 0.0487 0.0467 R J ), and brightness temperature of 2600 ± 70 K. This object orbits with a period of 1.721553 ± 0.000001 days around an early M dwarf star (0.62 ± 0.016M ☉). TESS photometry shows regular variations in the host star’s TESS light curve, which we interpreted as an activity-induced variation of ∼2%, and used this variability to measure the host star’s stellar rotation period of 1.9716 − 0.0083 + 0.0080 days. The TOI-5375 system provides tight constraints on stellar models of low-mass stars at the hydrogen-burning limit and adds to the population in this important region.

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Remote Operations and Nightly Automation of the Red Buttes Observatory

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

TOI-3757 b: A Low-density Gas Giant Orbiting a Solar-metallicity M Dwarf

TOI-3757 b: A Low-density Gas Giant Orbiting a Solar-metallicity M Dwarf

TOI-5205b: A Short-period Jovian Planet Transiting a Mid-M Dwarf

TOI-5375 B: A Very Low Mass Star at the Hydrogen-burning Limit Orbiting an Early M-type Star* †

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