Remote Sensing and Modeling of Climate Changes in Egypt

Raey, Mohamed El; Askary, Hesham El

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-39593-3_14

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The increase in greenhouse gases and melting of Arctic sea ice are linked to a rise in average global temperatures, causing a rise in sea levels and an increase in storm surges and other extreme weather events. This particularly affects the sensitive coastal areas and tourist cities such as Sharm el-Sheikh, al-Tur and St Catherine (Dadamouny and Schnittler 2016 ; Raey and Askari 2020 :399‒418; Shokr 2020 :100). Since the 1970s, increasing temperatures and decreasing rainfall have led to severe droughts, interrupted by unpredictable rainfall in high volumes and flash floods (Grainger and Gilbert 2008 :32; Dadamouny and Schnittler 2016 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the 1970s, increasing temperatures and decreasing rainfall have led to severe droughts, interrupted by unpredictable rainfall in high volumes and flash floods (Grainger and Gilbert 2008 :32; Dadamouny and Schnittler 2016 ). This affects both the High Mountains, dissected by a network of wadis where human occupation is concentrated, and the coastal regions along the Gulf of Aqaba and the Gulf of Suez, where the wadis drain, at times causing severe infrastructure damage and loss of life (Vanderkrimpen et al 2010 ; Youssef et al 2011 :615; Cools et al 2012 ; Embabi 2020 :506; Raey and Askari 2020 :430).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is not exclusively a result of climate change, however, as anthropogenic factors including unplanned and rapid settlement development and construction as well as major changes in land use patterns also contribute to the likelihood of these disturbances (Youssef et al 2011 :612). It may be relevant to point out that on a national level—based on the 2011 Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) combined assessment of average temperatures, poverty levels and community resilience—South Sinai was considered to have relatively high agricultural resilience to climate change (Raey and Askari 2020 :417, Fig. 14.16).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From the Coast to the High Mountains: A Remote Sensing Survey of Disturbances and Threats to the Archaeology and Heritage of South Sinai

2022

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The archaeology and heritage of South Sinai is rich and varied. Most research to date has focused on the High Mountains, specifically the area around the famous St Catherine’s Monastery, placed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2002 (Saint Catherine Area, World Heritage Site 954). Recently, the Sinai Peninsula Research and the Endangered Archaeology in the Middle East and North Africa projects have focused on the landscape surrounding the St Catherine’s Monastery. These projects highlighted the wealth of archaeological and heritage sites spanning the prehistoric to modern periods, including sites that are still in use by local communities today, as well as the environmental and anthropogenic factors that threaten their survival, such as climate change, tourism, and the impact of infrastructure developments. By contrast, the archaeology and heritage of the coastal areas was never surveyed systematically until the research presented in this paper. Remote sensing work by the Maritime Endangered Archaeology project revealed a coastal landscape that is likewise rich in archaeological and heritage sites. As in the High Mountains, many of the coastal sites are under significant threat, but they do not enjoy the same level of recognition and protection. This paper compares the coastal sites to those in the High Mountains, including their disturbances and threats, and demonstrates the need for a locally specific heritage management and protection strategy for different parts of South Sinai.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From the Coast to the High Mountains: A Remote Sensing Survey of Disturbances and Threats to the Archaeology and Heritage of South Sinai

2022

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“…Also, the Mediterranean Sea water intruded into 100 Km in the Nile Delta aquifer (Figure 1b). [15,8,16,17,18,19]. These studies predicted that if not suitable actions are taken, Egypt would face the following consequences: loss of beaches, tourism, agricultural and fishing land.…”

Section: Impact Of Climate Change and Slr On Egypt's Coastal Citiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have been conducted to protect coastlines from SLR (Baric et al, 2008;Fenger et al, 2008;Taormina and Chau, 2015) [4,5,6]. In addition, some studies in Egypt carried out to protect the coasts from SLR (Fanos et al, 1995;El-Raey et al, 1999;Heikal et al, 2012) [7,8,9]. A number of researchers have also investigated SWI in the Nile Delta aquifer while taking into account the SLR (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment and adaptation to climate change and sea level rise impacts on Egypt’s northern coasts

Zeleňáková

Abd-Elhamid

Barańczuk

et al. 2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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Climate change and sea level rise (SLR) represent many challenges for coastal areas such as coastal erosion and saltwater intrusion (SWI). This study aims to highlight the effect of climate change and SLR on Egypt’s northern coasts and present appropriate adaptations. A number of techniques for adapting with climate change and SLR have been presented. Two numerical models have been used for simulation PLAXIS and 2D-FEST. The results showed that SLR will affect a number of cities on Egypt’s northern coasts and the Nile Delta aquifer will be affected by SWI. A number of scenarios have been applied to adapt with climate change and SLR. Precast Diaphragm Wall (PDW) is used to protect Egypt’s northern coasts from SLR. The results showed that PDW is applicable and cost efficient. The cost of building PDW along the north coasts is about 1.0% of the likely losses due to SLR in 2100. However, to control SWI into the Nile Delta aquifer a number of measures have been presented and discussed. The results revealed that using treated wastewater to increase the recharge to the Nile Delta aquifer combined with decreasing the abstraction from the aquifer could help in protecting the aquifer from probable SLR.

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