Remote sensing of aerated flows at large dams: proof of concept

Kramer, Matthias; Felder, Stefan

doi:10.1002/essoar.10506848.1

2021

DOI: 10.1002/essoar.10506848.1

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Remote sensing of aerated flows at large dams: proof of concept

Matthias Kramer

Stefan Felder

Abstract: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

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Cited by 2 publications

References 57 publications

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LIDAR Scanning as an Advanced Technology in Physical Hydraulic Modelling: The Stilling Basin Example

Splinter

Felder

2021

Remote Sensing

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In hydraulic engineering, stilling basin design is traditionally carried out using physical models, conducting visual flow observations as well as point-source measurements of pressure, flow depth, and velocity at locations of design relevance. Point measurements often fail to capture the strongly varying three-dimensionality of the flows within the stilling basin that are important for the best possible design of the structure. This study introduced fixed scanning 2D LIDAR technology for laboratory-scale physical hydraulic modelling of stilling basins. The free-surface motions were successfully captured along both longitudinal and transverse directions, providing a detailed free-surface map. LIDAR-derived free-surface elevations were compared with typical point-source measurements using air–water conductivity probes, showing that the elevations measured with LIDAR consistently corresponded to locations of strongest air–water flow interactions at local void fractions of approximately 50%. The comparison of LIDAR-derived free-surface elevations with static and dynamic pressure sensors confirmed differences between the two measurement devices in the most energetic parts of the jump roller. The present study demonstrates that LIDAR technology can play an important role in physical hydraulic modelling, enabling design improvement through detailed free-surface characterization of complex air–water flow motions beyond the current practice of point measurements and visual flow observations.

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LIDAR Scanning as an Advanced Technology in Physical Hydraulic Modelling: The Stilling Basin Example

Splinter

Felder

2021

Remote Sensing

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Velocity Measurements in Highly Aerated Flow on a Stepped Chute without Sidewall Constraint Using a BIV Technique

Sánchez‐Juny

Estrella

Matos

et al. 2022

Water

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The lack of sidewalls in a spillway leads to lateral expansion of the flow and, consequently, a non-uniform transversal flow rate distribution along the chute. The present work shows the velocity field measured in a physical model of a 1 V:0.8 H steeply sloping stepped spillway without sidewalls. An application of a Bubble Image Velocimetry (BIV) technique in the self-aerated region is shown, using air bubbles entrained into the flow downstream of the inception point as tracers. The results indicate that, for small dimensionless discharges and sufficiently downstream of the point of inception, the free-surface velocity compares relatively well with the corresponding air–water interfacial velocity previously obtained with a double-tip fiber optical probe in the same facility. In turn, the velocity profiles along the normal to the pseudo-bottom, far downstream of the inception point, are reasonably in agreement with the air–water interfacial velocity profiles in the inner part of the skimming flow, with the largest differences being verified in the upper skimming flow region near the free-surface.

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Remote sensing of aerated flows at large dams: proof of concept

Abstract: This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Cited by 2 publications

References 57 publications

LIDAR Scanning as an Advanced Technology in Physical Hydraulic Modelling: The Stilling Basin Example

LIDAR Scanning as an Advanced Technology in Physical Hydraulic Modelling: The Stilling Basin Example

Velocity Measurements in Highly Aerated Flow on a Stepped Chute without Sidewall Constraint Using a BIV Technique

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