Remote sensing of on-road vehicle emissions: Mechanism, applications and a case study from Hong Kong

Huang, Yuhan; Organ, Bruce; Zhou, John L.; Surawski, Nicholas C.; Hong, Guang; Chan, Eric; Yam, Yat Shing

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.03.035

Cited by 82 publications

(54 citation statements)

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“…Only a few studies distinguished the distribution by fuel type and showed that diesel vehicles would be more skewed in CO and HC but less skewed in NO [11][12][13] . However, on-road remote sensing only measures a snapshot of emissions from a vehicle in less than one second and cannot fully represent the overall emission level of a vehicle exhibiting high variability in its instantaneous emissions 14,15 . The overall emission level of a vehicle can be measured accurately over a transient chassis dynamometer cycle test which includes different driving conditions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies were carried out to compare remote sensing with chassis dynamometers [18][19][20] and portable emission measurement systems 21,22 , and showed good or reasonable agreements between different measurement techniques. Huang et al 15 reported that the instantaneous emissions of a high-emitter actually remained relatively low for most of the driving duration, while a clean vehicle showed high instantaneous emissions occasionally. As a result, the highest 10% remote sensing measurements (10 th decile, Fig.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Re-evaluating effectiveness of vehicle emission control programmes targeting high-emitters

Huang

Surawski

Yam³

et al. 2020

Nat Sustain

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-evaluating effectiveness of vehicle emission control programmes targeting high-emitters

Huang

Surawski

Yam³

et al. 2020

Nat Sustain

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“…As reported by O'Driscoll et al, CO 2 emission from gasoline vehicles when driving in urban areas increases by 13-66% compared to that from EURO-5-and EURO-6-compliant diesel vehicles equipped with a portable emission-measurement system (PEMS) [2]. Although recent researches demonstrate that direct NO 2 emissions from newer diesel vehicles have been decreased substantially through a more stringent EURO standard, it still constitutes the main reason behind affecting ambient-NO 2 concentration at roadside locations because of high NOx-emitter diesel vehicles between EURO 3 and EURO 5 standards [3,4] and the fact that NO emissions of some large diesel vehicles have not been decreasing as expected [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Emission Factors Concerning Gasoline, LPG, and Diesel Vehicles via Transient Chassis-Dynamometer Tests

et al. 2019

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Gaseous emissions from vehicles contribute substantially to air pollution and climate change. Vehicular emissions also contain secondary pollutants produced via chemical reactions that occur between the emitted gases and atmospheric air. This study aims at understanding patterns concerning emission of regulated, greenhouse, and precursor gases, which demonstrate potential for secondary aerosol (SA) formation, from vehicles incorporating different engine technologies—multi-point injection (MPI) and gasoline direct injection (GDI)—and using different fuels—gasoline, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and diesel. Drive cycles from the National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER) were used in this study. Results obtained from drive cycle tests demonstrate a decline in aggregate gas emissions corresponding to an increase in average vehicle speed. CO2 accounts for more than 99% of aggregate gaseous emissions. In terms of concentration, CO and NH3 form predominantly non-CO2 emissions from gasoline and LPG vehicles, whereas nitrogen oxides (NOx) and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) dominate diesel-vehicle emissions. A higher percentage of SO2 is emitted from diesel vehicles compared to their gasoline- and LPG-powered counterparts. EURO-5- and EURO-6-compliant vehicles equipped with diesel particulate filters (DPFs) tend to emit higher amounts of NO2 compared to EURO-3-compliant vehicles, which are not equipped with DPFs. Vehicles incorporating GDI tend to emit less CO2 compared to those incorporating MPI, albeit at the expense of increased CO emissions. The authors believe that results reported in this paper concerning regulated and unregulated pollutant-emission monitoring can contribute towards an accurate evaluation of both primary and secondary air-pollution scenarios in Korea.

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“…While mixed forces of increasing or decreasing mobile emissions caused by AVs are expected, there has been little in-depth discussion about their potential impacts [1]. Automobiles are one of the biggest sources of air pollution and demand for them is increasing [8][9][10]. Air pollution caused by excessive use of fossil fuels is one of mankind's most daunting challenges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in air pollutant emissions from road vehicles due to autonomous driving technology: A conceptual modeling approach

Hwang

Song

2019

Environmental Engineering Research

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The autonomous vehicles (AVs) could make a positive or negative impact on reducing mobile emissions. This study investigated the changes of mobile emissions that could be caused by large-scale adoption of AVs. The factors of road capacity increase and speed limit increase impacts were simulated using a conceptual modeling approach that combines a hypothetical speed-emission function and a traffic demand model using a virtual transportation network. The simulation results show that road capacity increase impact is significant in decreasing mobile emissions until the market share of AVs is less than 80%. If the road capacity increases by 100%, the mobile emissions will decrease by about 30%. On the other hand, driving speed limit increase impact is significant in increasing mobile emissions, and the environmentally desirable speed limit was found at around 95 km/h. If the speed limit increases to 140 km/h, the mobile emissions will increase by about 25%. This is because some vehicles begin to bypass the congested routes at high speeds as speed limit increases. Based on the simulation results, it is clear that the vehicle platooning technology implemented at reasonable speed limit is one of the AV technologies that are encouraging from the environmental point of view.

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Remote sensing of on-road vehicle emissions: Mechanism, applications and a case study from Hong Kong

Cited by 82 publications

References 100 publications

Re-evaluating effectiveness of vehicle emission control programmes targeting high-emitters

Re-evaluating effectiveness of vehicle emission control programmes targeting high-emitters

Characterization of Emission Factors Concerning Gasoline, LPG, and Diesel Vehicles via Transient Chassis-Dynamometer Tests

Changes in air pollutant emissions from road vehicles due to autonomous driving technology: A conceptual modeling approach

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