Remote sensing of the El Hierro submarine volcanic eruption plume

Coca, Josep; Ohde, Thomas; Redondo, Alexandre; García-Weil, L.; Santana-Casiano, J. Magdalena; González‐Dávila, Melchor; Arı́stegui, Javier; Fraile-Nuez, E.; Ramos, Antonio G.

doi:10.1080/01431161.2014.960613

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…These produced a signal that interfered with that of Chl-a, resulting in unrealistic estimates by the remote sensing Chl-a algorithms, as confirmed when comparing with in situ Chl-a measurements. Our water type classification analysis, based on a previous study carried out in the same area 25 , shows that plume waters were classified as not Chl-a-dominated (Fig. 6 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Although multiple patches of abnormally high remote sensing Chl-a were initially observed when the most intense eruptive episodes occurred, these were not associated with phytoplankton blooms. Rather, they were erroneous estimates consequence of the interference produced by discoloured waters that contained great amounts of sulphur compounds 25 . These produced a signal that interfered with that of Chl-a, resulting in unrealistic estimates by the remote sensing Chl-a algorithms, as confirmed when comparing with in situ Chl-a measurements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lack of impact of the El Hierro (Canary Islands) submarine volcanic eruption on the local phytoplankton community

Gómez‐Letona

Arı́stegui

Ramos

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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The eruption of a submarine volcano south of El Hierro Island (Canary Islands) in October 2011 led to major physical and chemical changes in the local environment. Large amounts of nutrients were found at specific depths in the water column above the volcano associated with suboxic layers resulting from the oxidation of reduced chemical species expelled during the eruptive phase. It has been suggested that the fertilization with these compounds enabled the rapid restoration of the ecosystem in the marine reserve south of the island once the volcanic activity ceased, although no biological evidence for this has been provided yet. To test the biological fertilization hypothesis on the pelagic ecosystem, we studied the evolution and variability in chlorophyll a, from in situ and remote sensing data, combined with information on phytoplankton and bacterial community structure during and after the eruptive episode. Remote sensing and in situ data revealed that no phytoplankton bloom took place neither during nor after the eruptive episode. We hypothesize that the fertilization by the volcano did not have an effect in the phytoplankton community due to the strong dilution of macro- and micronutrients caused by the efficient renewal of ambient waters in the zone.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of impact of the El Hierro (Canary Islands) submarine volcanic eruption on the local phytoplankton community

Gómez‐Letona

Arı́stegui

Ramos

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…Additionally, in the surface, the plume was affected by changes in the meteorological and hydrodynamic conditions. In the first months, the plume ( Figure 2) was observed from the coast and also through satellite images [15,16].…”

Section: A New Submarine Volcanomentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The most important were observed around the volcanic edifice ( Figure 3), but the effect of the volcano emissions reached the whole southern part of the Island of El Hierro. Some influences were also observed in the northern part, as a consequence of the currents in the area [16]. The most important observations in the surface waters were:…”

Section: Signal Of the Eruption In The Sea Surfacementioning

confidence: 93%

The Emissions of the Tagoro Submarine Volcano (Canary Islands, Atlantic Ocean): Effects on the Physical and Chemical Properties of the Seawater

Santana‐Casiano¹,

González‐Dávila²,

Fraile-Nuez³

2018

Volcanoes - Geological and Geophysical Setting, Theoretical Aspects and Numerical Modeling, Applications to Industry and Their

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This chapter presents the changes and evolution of the physical and chemical properties of the seawater south of the El Hierro Island (Canary archipelago, Atlantic Ocean) as a consequence of the emissions of the Tagoro submarine volcano, over a 6 year study from 2011 to 2016. Since the eruption, a series of oceanographic studies have been carried out in the area focusing on the evolution of the redox potential and the pH, two master variables that control the chemical equilibrium in sea water. The changes experienced by the carbon dioxide system, the variations in the concentration of Fe(II) and their correlation with the decrease in the pH during the evolution of the volcano, from the beginning of the eruptive stage to the post-eruptive phase, are discussed. The increased TDFe(II) concentrations and the low associated pH T values have controlled the occurrence of an important fertilization event in the sea water around the volcano at the Island of El Hierro, providing optimal conditions for the regeneration of the area. The sites like the Tagoro submarine volcano, in its degasification stage, provide an excellent opportunity to study the carbonate system in a high CO 2 world, the volcanic contribution to the global volcanic carbon flux and the potential environmental impact of these emissions on the surrounding ocean and the ecosystem.

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“…Moreover, based on our long multidisciplinary data background in the area, the actual volcanic plume south of the Island of El Hierro produced significant anomalies in the physical-chemical and biological parameters of the whole water column affecting an extensive oceanic area (temperature anomalies from +3°C of up to +18.8°C, salinity anomalies of +0.3, total inorganic carbon concentrations ranging from 4, 000 to 7,500 μmol kg −1 , water acidification of up to 2.8 units, pCO 2 waters with values ranging from 12,000 to 150, 000 μatm at the surface, oxygen depletion near to anoxic levels, enhanced light attenuation-transmittance decrease-, negative redox potential, sulphur concentrations of up to 200 μmol kg −1 , total Fe(II) species of up to 50 μmol kg −1 , and higher concentrations of dissolved Cu, Cd, Pb, and Al, among others), (Fraile-Nuez et al 2012;Santana-Casiano et al 2013;Rivera et al 2013;Ariza et al 2014;Eugenio et al 2014;Coca et al 2014;Ferrera et al 2015). However, no physical-chemical anomaly of the whole water column were registered for the artifacts in the west part of the island, demonstrating that the nature of these structures were not of eruptive origin.…”

Section: Volcanic Plumesmentioning

confidence: 96%