Remote source electric lighting systems: A review

Architectural lighting design: A research review over 50 years

“…Ayers and Carter, 56 in a fascinating review, considered the current state of development in remote source lighting. Such systems were composed of three components: source, light transport and emitter and the authors pointed out that development had been uneven in these components.…”

Experimental analysis of a scaled, multi-aperture, light-pipe, daylighting system

“…It was found that for multi-storey buildings several light-pipes are generally required one for each level. Zastrow and Wittner (1986) presented a conventional mirror light-pipe system that has a continuous side opening slit, for artificial lighting applications including lighting shops, railway stations, and industry (Zastrow and Wittner, 1986 Carter, 1995). A different study by Varga and Oliveira (2000) presents hollow prismatic emitters with practical limitations in the construction of the prismatic structure emitted noncollimated light outside the acceptance angle of 27° ( Varga and Oliveira, 2000).…”

Integration Issues for Using Innovative Daylighting Strategies in Light Wells

“…Prismatic pipes lose 2% of their optical gain per 300mm, which results in local luminance in the beginning of the Emission phase. The light collected from the aforementioned system is a diffuse light with multidimensional shadows and sometimes causes glare (Ayers and Carter, 1995).…”

“…They can be classified by components performance. They consist of three important components: collector, transporter, and emitter (Ayers and Carter, 1995). Each of themes is of various types, which have been combined to produce different systems (Figure 3).…”

“…Extensive expertise is required to secure optimum effectiveness of this system. Any displacement and vibration of the system considerably affect its performance and increase maintenance costs (Ayers and Carter, 1995).…”