Remote triggering of thermoresponsive PNIPAM by iron oxide nanoparticles

Denmark, Daniel J.; Bradley, J Bazuin; Mukherjee, Devajyoti; Alonso, Javier; Shakespeare, S.; Bernal, Nuria; Phan, Manh‐Huong; Srikanth, H.; Witanachchi, Sarath; Mukherjee, Pritish

doi:10.1039/c5ra21617f

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…When the SAR is plotted against H 2 the result is indeed a linear relation, as shown in Figure 5(b) . It was previously reported that when IOMNPs are dispersed by themselves in DIW, with no PNIPAM present, at a concentration of 1 mg mL −1 the SAR was approximately 220 W g −1 (Denmark et al., 2016 ). That data corresponded to a field strength of 59.1 kA m −1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The IOMNPs used in this work were characterized previously (Denmark et al., 2016 ). Briefly, their discreet size was measured by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and found to be approximately 10 nm in diameter on average.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While these SPM IOMNPs effectively raised the temperature of the co-solute PNIPAM bringing on its LCST, its mere presence had the consequence of reducing the LCST. This was attributed to an earlier onset of entropy dominance in the Gibbs free energy (Denmark et al., 2016 ). Herein, a unique method for the encapsulation of IOMNPs in a PNIPAM nanogel, via photpolymerization, coincident with in situ spectroscopic monitoring of that process is presented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photopolymerization-based synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticle embedded PNIPAM nanogels for biomedical applications

et al. 2017

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Conventional therapeutic techniques treat patients by delivering biotherapeutics to the entire body. With targeted delivery, biotherapeutics are transported to the afflicted tissue reducing exposure to healthy tissue. Targeted delivery devices are minimally composed of a stimuli responsive polymer allowing triggered release and magnetic nanoparticles enabling targeting as well as alternating magnetic field (AMF) heating. Although more traditional methods, like emulsion polymerization, have been used to realize such devices, the synthesis is problematic. For example, surfactants preventing agglomeration must be removed from the product increasing time and cost. Ultraviolet (UV) photopolymerization is more efficient and ensures safety by using biocompatible substances. Reactants selected for nanogel fabrication were N-isopropylacrylamide (monomer), methylene bis-acrylamide (crosslinker), and Irgacure 2959 (photoinitiator). The 10 nm superparamagnetic nanoparticles for encapsulation were composed of iron oxide. Herein, a low-cost, scalable, and rapid, custom-built UV photoreactor with in situ, spectroscopic monitoring system is used to observe synthesis. This method also allows in situ encapsulation of the magnetic nanoparticles simplifying the process. Nanogel characterization, performed by transmission electron microscopy, reveals size-tunable nanogel spheres between 40 and 800 nm in diameter. Samples of nanogels encapsulating magnetic nanoparticles were subjected to an AMF and temperature increase was observed indicating triggered release is possible. Results presented here will have a wide range of applications in medical sciences like oncology, gene delivery, cardiology, and endocrinology.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photopolymerization-based synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticle embedded PNIPAM nanogels for biomedical applications

et al. 2017

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“…Induced changes in the NC can range from alterations in porosity to the cleavage of molecular linkers to activate a specific functionality. Techniques like these have been shown to significantly enhance the therapeutic efficiency of in vivo administration by avoiding potentially toxic non-specific interactions or premature drug release, while also ensuring that an adequate concentration of drug is delivered to the target site (18,(20)(21)(22)(23).…”

Section: Nanotherapies: State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanobiotechnology medical applications: Overcoming challenges through innovation

Singer

Markoutsa

Limayem

et al. 2018

The EuroBiotech Journal

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Biomedical Nanotechnology (BNT) has rapidly become a revolutionary force that is driving innovation in the medical field. BNT is a subclass of nanotechnology (NT), and often operates in cohort with other subclasses, such as mechanical or electrical NT for the development of diagnostic assays, therapeutic implants, nano-scale imaging systems, and medical machinery. BNT is generating solutions to many conventional challenges through the development of enhanced therapeutic delivery systems, diagnostic techniques, and theranostic therapies. Therapeutically, BNT has generated many novel nanocarriers (NCs) that each express specifically designed physiochemical properties that optimize their desired pharmacokinetic profile. NCs are also being integrated into nanoscale platforms that further enhance their delivery by controlling and prolonging their release profile. Nano-platforms are also proving to be highly efficient in tissue regeneration when combined with the appropriate growth factors. Regarding diagnostics, NCs are being designed to perform targeted delivery of luminescent tags and contrast agents that enhance the NC -aided imaging capabilities and resulting diagnostic accuracy of the presence of diseased cells. This technology has also been advancing the ability for surgeons to practice true precision surgical techniques. Incorporating therapeutic and diagnostic NC-components within a single NC can facilitate both functions, referred to as theranostics, which facilitates real-time in vivo tracking and observation of drug release events via enhanced imaging. Additionally, stimuli-responsive theranostic NCs are quickly developing as vectors for tumor ablation therapies by providing a model that facilitates the location of cancer cells for the application of an external stimulus. Overall, BNT is an interdisciplinary approach towards health care, and has the potential to significantly improve the quality of life for humanity by significantly decreasing the treatment burden for patients, and by providing non-invasive therapeutics that confer enhanced therapeutic efficiency and safety

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“…Biomedical research has benefited the most and progressed the furthest through nanotechnology. For example, magnetic nanoparticles are applied to targeted and triggered drug delivery (76)(77)(78), gold nanoparticles bind antibodies in conventional biosensing (79)(80)(81), and zinc oxide and titanium dioxide nanoparticles protect skin (82,83). Solutions to the challenges MIPs originally presented have been found through MIP nanoformulations or by incorporating them with nanomaterials (46, 84,85).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Point-of-Care Diagnostics: Molecularly Imprinted Polymers and Nanomaterials for Enhanced Biosensor Selectivity and Transduction

Denmark

Mohapatra

2020

The EuroBiotech Journal

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Significant healthcare disparities resulting from personal wealth, circumstances of birth, education level, and more are internationally prevalent. As such, advances in biomedical science overwhelmingly benefit a minority of the global population. Point-of-Care Testing (POCT) can contribute to societal equilibrium by making medical diagnostics affordable, convenient, and fast. Unfortunately, conventional POCT appears stagnant in terms of achieving significant advances. This is attributed to the high cost and instability associated with conventional biorecognition: primarily antibodies, but nucleic acids, cells, enzymes, and aptamers have also been used. Instead, state-of-the-art biosensor researchers are increasingly leveraging molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for their high selectivity, excellent stability, and amenability to a variety of physical and chemical manipulations. Besides the elimination of conventional bioreceptors, the incorporation of nanomaterials has further improved the sensitivity of biosensors. Herein, modern nanobiosensors employing MIPs for selectivity and nanomaterials for improved transduction are systematically reviewed. First, a brief synopsis of fabrication and wide-spread challenges with selectivity demonstration are presented. Afterward, the discussion turns to an analysis of relevant case studies published in the last five years. The analysis is given through two lenses: MIP-based biosensors employing specific nanomaterials and those adopting particular transduction strategies. Finally, conclusions are presented along with a look to the future through recommendations for advancing the field. It is hoped that this work will accelerate successful efforts in the field, orient new researchers, and contribute to equitable health care for all.

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Remote triggering of thermoresponsive PNIPAM by iron oxide nanoparticles

Abstract: Thermoresponsive PNIPAN can be remotely triggered by embedded iron oxide nanoparticles under an AC field, and the transition temperature can be tuned by changing the ionic concentration.

Cited by 18 publications

References 39 publications

Photopolymerization-based synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticle embedded PNIPAM nanogels for biomedical applications

Photopolymerization-based synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticle embedded PNIPAM nanogels for biomedical applications

Nanobiotechnology medical applications: Overcoming challenges through innovation

Point-of-Care Diagnostics: Molecularly Imprinted Polymers and Nanomaterials for Enhanced Biosensor Selectivity and Transduction

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