Remote Vital Signs Measurement of Indoor Walking Persons Using mm-Wave FMCW Radar

Abstract

Research on radar-based non-contact vital sign monitoring systems is critical during the COVID-19 epidemic. The accuracy of remote vital sign measurements has increased with the advancement of radar technology and various algorithms. Most studies require subjects to remain stationary, such as standing, sitting in a chair, or lying on a bed, and various measurement algorithms have been proposed. However, maintaining a stationary state as a prerequisite for measurement limits the development and application prospects of radar-based vital sign monitoring systems. Therefore, this paper presents a novel method for monitoring the vital signs of moving targets using a millimeter-wave frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar. The experimental results showed that regardless of whether the subjects walked at 1 m/s or with the left side of their body facing the radar, the accuracy of the heart rate measurement remained high. In the fixed-route experiments, the root mean squared error (RMSE) for heart rate estimation was 4.09 bpm, with an accuracy of 95.88%.INDEX TERMS FMCW radar, health care, heart rate, ICEEMDAN, radar signal processing, remote sensing, vital signs

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“…In [5], we tried to measure from multiple directions. The improved adaptive range bin selection (IARBS) method is proposed to address the limitation of conventional measurements that require the subject to remain stationary [6]. Furthermore, the specifications of the radar module limit the valid measurement range.…”

Towards mmWave Altimetry for UAS: Exploring the Potential of 77 GHz Automotive Radars

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“…Generally, the measured phase change due to the chest movement is very slow, and the heartrate is 0.8-2.0 Hz under normal conditions. Therefore, in most studies, such as [8,9], there is only one chirp in one frame, and the frame period is generally set at 50-100 ms according to the Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem, corresponding to a sampling rate of 10-20 Hz (5-10 times the usual maximum heartrate). However, in the scenario, the time utilization is very poor due to the excessive idle time between frames.…”