Remotely sensed seasonality in the spatial distribution of sea-surface suspended particulate matter in the southern North Sea

Eleveld, M.A.; Pasterkamp, R.; Woerd, H.J. van der; Pietrzak, Julie D.

doi:10.1016/j.ecss.2008.07.015

Cited by 72 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The North Sea campaign was carried out along the East Anglia plume, where the water type is considered to be coastal due to the high suspended material concentrations generally present in the area (McManus and Prandle 1997;Dyer and Moffat 1998;Eleveld et al 2008). The stations across the Netherlands were located in coastal areas, rivers and lakes ( Fig.…”

Section: Field Campaignsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wernand et al (2013a) used these datasets to estimate global changes occurring in the ocean in relation to the Chl a concentration, a key index of phytoplankton biomass and primary productivity studies. For coastal and inland waters more optically active constituents determine the water leaving radiance and color (IOCCG 2000;van der Woerd and Pasterkamp 2008). Wernand et al (2013b) developed a specific MERIS algorithm (named FUME) to determine the color of natural water, based on color angles (a w ) converted to the Forel-Ule index FU (Ule 1892;Forel 1895;Wernand and van der Woerd 2010;Novoa et al 2013;Wernand et al 2013a,b).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Ocean color science utilizes the apparent color of natural waters to derive concentrations of different components, important for a wide range of oceanographic studies, such as long-term monitoring of water quality indicators (Hu et al 2004;Giardino et al 2007;Tudesque et al 2008;Van der Woerd and Pasterkamp 2008;Novoa et al 2012). In ocean color science, the intrinsic color of the water surface is estimated by correcting the effect of the sky reflection and light penetration on the water column by means of spectral measurements of the sky irradiance (Mobley 1999;Mueller et al 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

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WACODI: A generic algorithm to derive the intrinsic color of natural waters from digital images

Novoa

Wernand

Woerd

2015

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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This document presents the WAter COlor from Digital Images (WACODI) algorithm, which extracts the color of natural waters from images collected by low-cost digital cameras, in the context of participatory science and water quality monitoring. SRGB images are converted to the CIE XYZ color space, undergoing a gamma expansion and illumination correction that includes the specular reflection at the air-water interface.The XYZ values obtained for each pixel of the image are converted to chromaticity coordinates and Hue color angle (a w ), which is a measure of color. Based on the distributions of a w in sub-sections of the image, an approximation of the intrinsic color of the water is obtained. This algorithm was applied to images acquired in 2013 during two field campaigns in Northern Europe. The Hue color angles were derived from hyperspectral measurements above and below the surface, carried out simultaneously with image acquisition. When for each station a specific illumination correction was applied, based on the corresponding hyperspectral data, a good fit (r 2 5 0.93) was obtained between the image and the spectra Hue color angles (slope 5 0.98, intercept 5 20.03). When a more generic illumination correction was applied to the same images, based on the sky conditions at the time of the image acquisition (either overcast or sunny), a slightly inferior, but still satisfactory fit resulted. Results on the application of the WACODI algorithm to the first images collected by the public via the smartphone application or "APP," developed within the European FP7 Citclops, are presented at the end of this study.

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Section: Field Campaignsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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WACODI: A generic algorithm to derive the intrinsic color of natural waters from digital images

Novoa

Wernand

Woerd

2015

Limnology & Ocean Methods

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“…Large engineering works in coastal areas around the world might intervene with the SPM transport, but the effects are not always well understood. The use of bottom landers (Souza and Howarth, 2005;Cacchione et al, 2006;Manning and Bass, 2006) and satellite technology (Fettweis et al, 2007;Eleveld et al, 2008;Moreira et al, 2013) for monitoring in-situ concentrations of SPM has enormously increased our understanding of the transport of SPM. With bottom landers, details of the processes determining the vertical flux of SPM have been uncovered, by observing floc formation, settling velocities and turbulent fluxes (Friedrichs et al, 2000;Howarth et al, 2002;Manning and Bass, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations of a narrow zone of high suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentrations along the Dutch coast

Hout

Gerkema

Nauw

et al. 2015

Continental Shelf Research

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The objective of the study described in this paper is to localize the transport path of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the Dutch coastal zone in the southern North Sea. It is known that a large mass of SPM is transported northward from the Strait of Dover, which is however mostly hidden from satellite and other surface measurements. The study area is located at 80 km north of the Rhine-Meuse estuary mouth in the far-field plume of the region of freshwater influence (ROFI). We investigate the occurrence and persistence of a turbidity maximum zone (TMZ) in an area closer to the coast than studied in previous observational programs. Shipboard measurements of vertical profiles of SPM concentrations, density and current velocities with a high cross-shore spatial resolution are presented. A turbidity maximum zone is found at a distance between 0.5 and 3 km from the coast along 30 km of the coastline. Observed concentrations are shown to vary strongly within a tidal cycle, and also between contrasting meteorological conditions in terms of the springneap tidal cycle, the significant wave height and the wind force. Temporary stratification is observed during spring tides, and occurs on the ebb phase of the tidal cycle. Cross-shore transports at a transect perpendicular to the coast show an accumulation of SPM in the TMZ within one tidal cycle.Possible mechanisms for this accumulation close to the coast are discussed.2

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“…9b). The wind-wave-induced mixing kept the sediment in the EastAnglian plume (Eleveld et al 2008;Doerffer and Fischer 1994) in suspension, which is visible as high abundances of the SPM-Chl-dominated and the SPM-dominated endmembers in the image of March 25th, north of 54.5°N and west of 6°E (Figs. 9b and 10b).…”

Section: Validation Of the Endmembers And The Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectra of a shallow sea—unmixing for class identification and monitoring of coastal waters

et al. 2011

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Ocean colour-based monitoring of water masses is a promising alternative to monitoring concentrations in heterogeneous coastal seas. Fuzzy methods, such as spectral unmixing, are especially well suited for recognition of water masses from their remote sensing reflectances. However, such models have not yet been applied for water classification and monitoring. In this study, a fully constrained endmember model with simulated endmembers was developed for water class identification in the shallow Wadden Sea and adjacent German Bight. Its performance was examined on in situ measured reflectances and on MERIS satellite data. Water classification by means of unmixing reflectance spectra proved to be successful. When the endmember model was applied to MERIS data, it was able to visualise well-known spatial, tidal, seasonal, and wind-related variations in optical properties in the heterogeneous Wadden Sea. Analyses show that the method is insensitive to small changes in endmembers. Therefore, it can be applied in similar coastal areas. For use in open ocean situations or coastal or inland waters with other specific inherent optical properties, re-simulation of the endmember spectra with local optical properties is required. However, such an adaptation requires only a limited number of local in situ measurements.

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Remotely sensed seasonality in the spatial distribution of sea-surface suspended particulate matter in the southern North Sea

Cited by 72 publications

References 43 publications

WACODI: A generic algorithm to derive the intrinsic color of natural waters from digital images

WACODI: A generic algorithm to derive the intrinsic color of natural waters from digital images

Observations of a narrow zone of high suspended particulate matter (SPM) concentrations along the Dutch coast

Spectra of a shallow sea—unmixing for class identification and monitoring of coastal waters

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