Removal of ammonium-N from a recirculation aquacultural system using an immobilized nitrifier

Kim, Sung-Koo; Kong, In‐Soo; Lee, Byunghun; Kang, Lim-Seok; Lee, Min-Gyu; Suh, Kuen Hack

doi:10.1016/s0144-8609(99)00026-6

Cited by 47 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…There is an agreement among researchers and between laboratory research and commercial applications that saltwater systems need a much longer start-up period. Under such situations, immobilization techniques have been found useful to overcome the delay in the initiation of nitrification (Sung-Koo et al 2000). Integration of activated SBSBRs to prawn and shrimp hatcheries was found to be an .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stringed bed suspended bioreactors (SBSBR) for in situ nitrification in penaeid and non-penaeid hatchery systems

et al. 2008

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For establishing nitrification in prawn (non-penaeid, salinity 10-15 ppt) and shrimp (penaeid, salinity 30-35 ppt) larval production systems, a stringed bed suspended bioreactor (SBSBR) was designed, fabricated, and validated. It was fabricated with 5 mm polystyrene and low density polyethylene beads as the substrata for ammonia and nitrite oxidizing bacterial consortia, respectively, with an overall surface area of 684 cm 2 . The reactors were activated in a prototype activator and were transported in polythene bags to the site of testing. Performance of the reactors activated with the nitrifying bacterial consortia AMONPCU-1 (ammonia oxidizers for non-penaeid culture) and NIONPCU-1 (nitrite oxidizers for non-penaeid culture) was evaluated in a Macrobrachium rosenbergii larval rearing system and those activated with AMOPCU-1 (ammonia oxidizers for penaeid culture) and NIOPCU-1 (nitrite oxidizers for penaeid culture) in a Penaeus monodon seed production system. Rapid setting up of nitrification could be observed in both the static systems which resulted in a higher relative per cent survival of larvae.Keywords Closed system shrimp hatchery Á Immobilization Á Nitrification Á Nitrifying bioreactors Á Nitrifying consortia Á Shrimp/prawn larval production Abbreviations AMONPCU-1 Ammonia oxidizers for non-penaeid culture AMOPCU-1 Ammonia oxidizers for penaeid culture IHHNV Infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stringed bed suspended bioreactors (SBSBR) for in situ nitrification in penaeid and non-penaeid hatchery systems

et al. 2008

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“…In this solution, phosphate and ammonia concentrations suggested as feeding media for nitrifiers (Kim et al, 2000;Seo et al, 2000;Gutiérrez, 2008) were leveled off. Subsequently, the water was maintained at 15°C until use.…”

Section: Constitution Of Re-conditioned Freshwatermentioning

confidence: 91%

Nitrogenated compounds biofiltration under alternative bacterium fixation substrates

Carroza¹,

Hurtado²,

Gutierrez³

2012

lajar

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ABSTRACT. This study compares the behavior of nitrification (NH 4 + , NO 2 -and NO 3 -), and performance, in terms of the surface TAN conversion rate (STR), volumetric TAN conversion rate (VTR) and removal percentage of TAN (PTR) among three fixation media of nitrifying bacteria (two alternatives (S 1 , S 2 ) and one commercial (C o )). The experiment was performed in two tests of 42 days each. Three isolated biofiltration systems were built for the experience, to which were added media colonized by bacteria as a "seed" to start the process of nitrification. Ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl) was attached as source of ammonium in reconditioned freshwater, also gradually adding inorganic carbon (HCO 3 -) to maintain moderate water hardness. ), y el rendimiento, en términos de la tasa superficial de conversión de NAT, tasa volumétrica de conversión de NAT y porcentaje de remoción de NAT (PRN) entre tres medios de fijación de bacterias nitrificantes, dos alternativos (S 1 , S 2 ) y uno comercial (Co). La experiencia se realizó en dos pruebas de 42 días cada una. Se construyeron tres sistemas aislados para la experiencia, a los cuales se adicionaron medios colonizados por bacterias a modo de "semilla", para el inicio del proceso de nitrificación. Cloruro de amonio (NH 4 Cl) fue adherido como fuente de amonio en agua dulce re acondicionada, adicionando gradualmente también carbón inorgánico (HCO 3 -) para mantener una dureza moderada del agua. Los resultados promedio para ambas pruebas, indican que los sustratos S 1 y S 2 muestran un comportamiento estadísticamente similar al sustrato C o (P > 0,05) durante los primeros 33 días (hasta el estado estacionario). Para el segundo test, en términos de rendimiento de STR se registraron valores de 0,4, 0,39, y 0,39 g TAN m -2 d -1 para S 1 , S 2 y C o , respectivamente; en términos de PRN valores de 92, 97, 93% para S 1 , S 2 y C o , respectivamente y en función de VTR se registraron valores de 72,31, 114,94, 39,02 g NAT m -3 d -1 , para S 1 , S 2 y C o , respectivamente. Los análisis estadísticos aportaron que, para STR y PRN, no se encontraron diferencias significativas. En cambio, para VTR se identificaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los medios evaluados, siendo el medio S 2 , el que presenta un mayor valor de VTR.

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“…However, immobilization techniques have been useful to overcome the situation [61] and accordingly, fixed film nitrification biofilters are commonly used for TAN removal in RAS [56,57,70]. In such installations attached growth as biofilm offers several advantages over suspended culture-based systems, such as handling convenience, increased process stability to shock loading and prevention of the bacterial population from being washed off [17,44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the light of the emergence of various types of biofilters, a performance rating strategy as well as standards for reporting the performance have been brought out to benefit the customers to choose the most appropriate one [10,14,38]. In spite of following such protocols, at least in a few cases, the immobilized nitrifiers in RAS have exhibited low performance, besides demanding too long a start-up period imposing operational difficulties [23,61]. Therefore, instead of selecting a nitrification system from market it became imperative for the tropics to develop a user-friendly and economically viable technology having the advantages of short start-up time and easiness to integrate to the existing hatchery designs without modifications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activated packed bed bioreactor for rapid nitrification in brackish water hatchery systems

Kumar

Achuthan

Manju

et al. 2008

J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol

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A packed bed bioreactor (PBBR) was developed for rapid establishment of nitrification in brackish water hatchery systems in the tropics. The reactors were activated by immobilizing ammonia-oxidizing (AMON-PCU-1) and nitrite-oxidizing (NIONPCU-1) bacterial consortia on polystyrene and low-density polyethylene beads, respectively. Fluorescence in situ hybridization demonstrated the presence of autotrophic nitrifiers belong to Nitrosococcus mobilis, lineage of b ammonia oxidizers and nitrite oxidizer Nitrobacter sp. in the consortia. The activated reactors upon integration to the hatchery system resulted in significant ammonia removal (P \ 0.01) culminating to its undetectable levels. Consequently, a significantly higher percent survival of larvae was observed in the larval production systems. With spent water the reactors could establish nitrification with high percentage removal of ammonia (78%), nitrite (79%) and BOD (56%) within 7 days of initiation of the process. PBBR is configured in such a way to minimize the energy requirements for continuous operation by limiting the energy inputs to a single stage pumping of water and aeration to the aeration cells. The PBBR shall enable hatchery systems to operate under closed recirculating mode and pave the way for better water management in the aquaculture industry.

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Removal of ammonium-N from a recirculation aquacultural system using an immobilized nitrifier

Cited by 47 publications

References 7 publications

Stringed bed suspended bioreactors (SBSBR) for in situ nitrification in penaeid and non-penaeid hatchery systems

Stringed bed suspended bioreactors (SBSBR) for in situ nitrification in penaeid and non-penaeid hatchery systems

Nitrogenated compounds biofiltration under alternative bacterium fixation substrates

Activated packed bed bioreactor for rapid nitrification in brackish water hatchery systems

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