Removal of bisphenol A and 4‐n‐nonylphenol coupled to nitrate reduction using acclimated activated sludge under anaerobic conditions

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Bisphenol A (BPA) and 4-n-nonylphenol (4-n-NP) are of significant research interest due to their extensive use and toxicological properties. Batch experiments were conducted to investigate the sorption and degradation behavior of BPA and 4-n-NP using acclimated activated sludge either under anoxic conditions in the presence of nitrate or under anaerobic conditions in the absence of nitrate.

Distribution and Removal of Nonylphenol Ethoxylates and Nonylphenol from Textile Wastewater—A Comparison of a Cotton and a Synthetic Fiber Factory in Vietnam

“…Lu et al [97] suggested a more efficient removal of NPEOs by denitrifying activated sludge, rather than by anaerobic activated sludge. Regarding NP, H. Zhou et al [98] observed an approximately 82% reduction in NP within 8 h. Whereas, Wang et al [95] reported a removal of 89% after 120 h. The authors demonstrated a rise in removal efficacy at an increased nitrate concentration, where the most suitable COD/nitrate ratio was of 15:1. It may imply that the degradation of NP is also facilitated by denitrification.…”

“…Diverse potencies have been documented probably because the biotransformation of NP in anaerobic conditions may strictly rely on the availability of nitrate in wastewater as an electron acceptor [94]. Indeed, the study of Wang et al [95] revealed that NP was mainly removed via sorption on sludge, and no biodegradation was observed under anaerobic-without-nitrate conditions, suggesting the dominant role of nitrate in NP removal via anaerobic processes. …”

Removal of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals from Water: Adsorption of Bisphenol-A by Biobased Hydrophobic Functionalized Cellulose

“…Several technologies, such as coagulation/flocculation/sedimentation/filtration [ 17 , 18 ], carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) (e.g., carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [ 19 ] and graphene oxides (GOs) [ 20 ]), membrane filtration [ 21 , 22 ], ultraviolet (UV) irradiation [ 23 , 24 ], biological processes [ 25 , 26 ], and advanced oxidation techniques [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ] have been studied for BPA removal. Nevertheless, energy consumption, low process efficiency, production of toxic by-products, and addition of hazardous chemicals prevent the wider application of all these technologies at large-scale.…”

Micropollutants pre-concentration using adsorption-desorption cycles: application to chlorinated paraffins and alkyl-phenol derivatives

“…EDCs constitute a wide kind of natural and synthetic chemicals, which interfere with the normal behaviour of the endocrine system . Within EDCs, the alkylphenols (APs) are known for their riskiness and common presence in wastewater effluents, since they are components of detergent formulations. One of the most common APs is Triton X‐100 (C 14 H 22 O(C 2 H 4 O) n ).…”