Removal of Cd(II) Ions from Simulated Wastewater by HCl Modified Cucumis sativus Peel: Equilibrium and Kinetic Study

Abstract

This paper describes the adsorption of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solutions by modified Cucumis sativus peel (CSP) by HCl treatment. The optimum pH, adsorbent mass, contact time, and initial ion concentration were determined. The maximum removal efficiency was 84.85% for 20 mg/L Cd(II) ion at pH 5. The adsorption isotherms were obtained using concentrations of the metal ions ranging from 5 to 150 mg/L. The adsorption process follows Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order reaction kinetics. CSPs exhibit monolayer adsorption capacity of 58.14 mg/g at 298 K. The paper also discusses the thermodynamic parameters of the adsorption (the Gibbs free energy, entropy, and enthalpy). Our results establish that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic under normal conditions.

Characteristics and adsorption capacities of low-cost sorbents for wastewater treatment: A review

“…The agricultural solid wastes from cheap and readily available resources such as agave bagasse [ [58], soy meal hull [64], sunflower stalk [65], white ash [66], white rice husk ash [60], wood derived biochar [63], biomass Euphorbia rigida [67], pinewood [68], mixture almond shells [69], cassava peels [70], ash gourd peel [71], Cucumis sativa peel [72], lentil husk [73], neem bark [74], pomegranate peel [75], sunflower hull [76], wheat stem [77], carbon cloth [78], sky fruit husk [79] and coconut shells [80] have been investigated for the removal of numerous dyes from aqueous solutions. The basic components of the agricultural waste materials include hemicelluloses, lignin, lipids, proteins, simple sugars, water, hydrocarbons and starch, containing a variety of functional groups with a potential sorption capacity for various pollutants [3,15].…”

Agricultural biomass/waste as adsorbents for toxic metal decontamination of aqueous solutions

“…al. [50] studied the removal of Cd(II) by the biosorbent/powder, of 1 -2 mm particle size, obtained after extensive washing with water (in order to remove particulate matters, The cucumber peels derived biosorbent biomass (CSP) was further treated with HCl for the enhancement of the negatively-charged binding/adsorptive sites [52].…”

Agricultural waste peels as versatile biomass for water purification – A review

“…HCl was the most effective desorbent with 93.66% efficiency for desorption of MB from CP. The adsorption of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solutions by modified Cucumis sativus peel (CSP) by HCl treatment was investigated by Pandey et al[132]. The maximum removal efficiency was 84.85% for 20 mg/L Cd(II) ion at pH 5.…”