Removal of chromium ions from a real wastewater of leather industry using electrocoagulation and reverse osmosis processes

Salman, Rasha H.; Hassan, Hassanain A.; Abed, Khalid M.; Al-Alawy, Ahmed Faiq; Tuama, Dhulfiqar A.; Hussein, Karrar M.; Jabir, Hussein A.

doi:10.1063/5.0000201

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…This is supported by the fact that the release of metabolites during biodegradation by the fungi may include organic acids, which might be responsible for the decrease in pH due to the protonation of the consortium-GR. 37 Approximately 70% decolorization was observed after 6 h treatment with immobilized consortium-GR in the coconut fibre support. Earlier reports state that microbial consortium-GR immobilized in polyurethane foam, calcium alginate and stainless steel showed >95% decolorization of TE in 48 h. 38 The present study showed substantial decrease in parameters such as COD, BOD, TDS and TSS, using immobilized consortium-GR in the coconut fibre support.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Immobilized fungal consortium‐GR: a novel textile effluent treatment alternative for removal of azo dyes and other pollutants

Sen¹,

Das

Rajhans

et al. 2021

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND: Cleaning up the environment by the elimination of harmful contaminants from textile effluents (TE) is a critical and challenging crisis that requires long-term appropriate solutions. In this work, a fungal consortium-GR containing two fungi Geotrichum candidum F4 and Rhodotorula glutinis F7, in the ratio 1:1, is demonstrated to treat the organic contaminants in TEs. RESULTS:The immobilized consortium-GR in coconut fibre is 24% more efficient at treating TE than free consortium-GR, showing a maximum decolorization of 88.4% in 6 h immersion, at optimal conditions of pH 5.5, temperature 35°C, inoculum size 5% and fibre quantity 2.5 g L −1 . Biodegradation was confirmed by using UV-visible spectrophotometry, high-performance liquid chromatography and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the degradation pathway of methyl orange was confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy study. The novel immobilized consortium-GR in the bioreactor was assessed by the reduction of toxic parameters in 6 h: colour by 70%, total dissolved solids by 62%, total suspended solids by 81%, biological oxygen demand by 51%, chemical oxygen demand by 58%, chloride by 78%, ammonia by 64%, sulfate by 55%, lead by 12.5% and chromium by 75%. During this process of bioconversion, maximum laccase activity of 3.25 U L −1 was observed in 6 h by immobilized consortium-GR. Phytotoxicity and genotoxicity studies revealed the detoxification of TE. CONCLUSION: Through the continuous reuse of treated water in subsequent dyeings, the proposed TE treatment process represented a 92.86% reduction in water use and a total cost reduction of 22.47%.This study is a step towards upcoming onsite, field and short-term applications of consortium-GR for the management of TE.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Immobilized fungal consortium‐GR: a novel textile effluent treatment alternative for removal of azo dyes and other pollutants

Sen¹,

Das

Rajhans

et al. 2021

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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“…Following the EC with an RO process increased the removal percent up to 99.89% which is well beyond the acceptable limit. [6] Edwar Aguilar et al have studied the removal of chromium from tannery wastewater using aluminum as the electrode material. The study investigated the effect of current density, treatment time and pH.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Generalized Statistical Model for Hexavalent Chromium Removal Using Electrocoagulation Through SVR Regression Analysis

Salem,

Abdelmonem,

Nassef

2023

AJCHE

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Hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) is a highly toxic pollutant that poses a significant threat to human health and the environment. Electrocoagulation is a promising technology for the removal of Cr(VI) from wastewater. This work reviews and evaluates statistical models developed in different studies published between 2015 and 2021 on the removal of Cr(VI) using electrocoagulation. The analysis showed that none of the models was found to be conclusive, and that they all suffer from issues such as overfitting and the inability to generalize beyond the experiment domain. These models were also highly dependent on the selection of input parameters, model selection criteria, and experimental design. An attempt to solve this problem was to utilize Machine Learning (ML) techniques to develop a more robust model that can provide generalized and accurate predictions on a broader domain. The model was developed using Support Vector Machines Regression analysis (SVR). Data compiled from previously published works were used to train and test the model using a 50:50 split ratio. The model was able to make more generalized predictions but lacked accuracy. As with all ML models, this model requires a higher volume of high-quality data to improve its accuracy. The study concluded that there is still a need for more robust statistical models that can effectively capture the complexity of the electrocoagulation process and generalize well beyond the experiment domain.

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“…Reverse osmosis membranes are extensively utilized in various applications, including wastewater purification, drinking water treatment, seawater desalination, food and dairy industries, and medical applications [12][13][14][15]. In addition to RO, the forward osmosis membrane technology is also considered one of the most promising technologies for purifying water and wastewater, which has widespread use [4,17].…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilizing Hybrid RO-OARO Systems as New Methods for Desalination Process

Hassan,

Al-Alawy,

Al-shaeli

2024

IJCPE

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The scarcity of fresh water and its essential role in sustaining life on Earth have motivated researchers to seek new, low-cost, scalable technologies for water desalination. Therefore, the osmotically assisted reverse osmosis (OARO) membrane process presents an innovative approach to achieve moderate water recoveries from high salinity water without undergoing a phase change. This work aims to investigate the performance of hybrid RO-OARO systems with various designs and operational parameters on recovery and R%. The hybrid systems were evaluated for 60 minutes at feed concentrations of 3.98-5.54 g/l, applied pressures ranging from 3 to 7 bars, and different membrane types. The results showed that the flux of the hybrid system increased by increasing the pressure and decreased by increasing the feed concentration. The highest recovery value was obtained for the RO-OARO system at an RO pressure of 7 bar and an OARO unit at 3 bar for a 3.98 g/l feed concentration. In contrast, when the reverse osmosis pressure was fixed at 5 bar, and the pressure of the OARO unit increased by 2 bar, the recovery value exceeded by about 6%. Furthermore, the FilmTech membrane showed the highest recovery at 31.7%, while the highest R% was 94.55% for the AquaTec membrane. The RO-OARO-OARO system contributed to increasing both the recovery and rejection values by 11.4 and 2.1%, respectively, compared with the RO-OARO system. The experiments in this study revealed a slight increase in the feed concentration of the reverse osmosis unit, indicating the efficiency of the hybrid systems compared to traditional RO systems.

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Removal of chromium ions from a real wastewater of leather industry using electrocoagulation and reverse osmosis processes

Cited by 16 publications

References 40 publications

Immobilized fungal consortium‐GR: a novel textile effluent treatment alternative for removal of azo dyes and other pollutants

Immobilized fungal consortium‐GR: a novel textile effluent treatment alternative for removal of azo dyes and other pollutants

Development of a Generalized Statistical Model for Hexavalent Chromium Removal Using Electrocoagulation Through SVR Regression Analysis

Utilizing Hybrid RO-OARO Systems as New Methods for Desalination Process

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