Removal of copper and cadmium from aqueous solution using switchgrass biochar produced via hydrothermal carbonization process

Regmi, Pusker; Moscoso, Jose Luis Garcia; Kumar, Sandeep; Cao, Xiaoyan; Mao, Jingdong; Schafran, Gary C.

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.04.047

Cited by 450 publications

(190 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Biochar is derived from thermal degradation of different organic materials (crop residue, forest by-product, and sewage sludge) and has been recommended as a multifunctional adsorbent for the removal of organic pollutants and heavy metals (Regmi et al 2012). The difference in the adsorption behavior of biosorbent and biochar is mainly due to the differences in its physico-chemical properties like porosity, surface area, pore structure, chemical/elemental composition, and ash content (Varol and Putun 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenic(III) removal from aqueous solution by raw and zinc-loaded pine cone biochar: equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamics studies

Vinh

Zafar

Behera

et al. 2014

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

156

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The potential of raw pine cone (PC) biochar and its modified form (Zn-loaded biochar) was evaluated for the removal of trivalent arsenic [As(III)] from the aqueous solution. The influence of treatment of PC biochar with Zn(NO 3 ) 2 on the physico-chemical properties of biochar was examined using elemental analyzer, surface area analyzer, thermo-gravimetric analyzer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Experimental results revealed that the removal of As(III) was almost consistent (66.08 ± 3.94 and 87.62 ± 3.88 % on raw and Zn-loaded biochar, respectively) over an acidic pH range of 2-4 as a consequence of high affinity between the positively charged biochar surface and the predominant arsenic species (H 3 AsO 3 and H 2 AsO 4 -), followed by a decrease with increase in pH in the range of 4-12. Langmuir isotherm model was well fitted to the experimental equilibrium data (R 2 = 0.93) rendering the maximum adsorption capacity of 5.7 and 7.0 lg g -1 on raw and Znloaded PC biochar, respectively. The adsorption of As(III) was well represented by pseudo-second order with reaction rate constant (k 2 ) of 0.040 and 0.282 mg g -1 min on raw and zinc-loaded PC biochar, respectively, and was mainly controlled by boundary layer diffusion followed by some extent of intra-particle diffusion. The adsorption process was spontaneous with Gibb's free energy (DG°, -4.42 ± 0.72 and -11.86 ± 1.78 kJ mol -1 ) and exothermic in nature with enthalpy (DH°, 13.25 and 31.10 kJ mol -1) and entropy (DS°, 0.058 and 0.141 kJ mol -1 K -1 ) for raw and zinc-loaded adsorbent, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenic(III) removal from aqueous solution by raw and zinc-loaded pine cone biochar: equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamics studies

Vinh

Zafar

Behera

et al. 2014

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

156

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“…The increased intensity of hydroxyl groups and the overall aromaticity in both HCs samples after KOH treatment was noticed. Oppositely, intensities of carbonyl peaks, originating from cellulose and lignin, present in both HC samples, were reduced after activation, probably due to their partially hydrolytic degradation with KOH [13]. Unsaturation of both AHC samples was preserved upon activation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The reduction of these bands' intensities may indicate that the addition of KOH causes a partial hydrolytic degradation of cellulose and lignin remained in HC after HTC. According to Regmi et al [13], this may induce increased porosity of ACHs and thus enhance its adsorption of heavy metals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A good adsorption ability of different HCs for different heavy metals and radionuclides has been demonstrated [10]- [12]. Furthermore, significant improvement of adsorption efficiency of switchgrass HC for some heavy metals has been attained by chemical activation using hydroxides [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Inspired by the study of Regmi et al [13], the aim of this work is to investigate the influence of cold alkali activation (using 2M KOH) on the surface structure of the HC obtained from grape pomace (GP) and miscanthus (MIS) (Miscanthus×giganteus Greef et Deu.) which should improve its surface reactivity and consequently enhance its adsorption efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abstract. Hydrothermal carbonization has been proven as one of the simplest and most efficient technologies to produce a variety of carbon-based hydrochars with various applications. Like other types of biochars, hydrochar has reactive, functionalized/aromatic surfaces. Those properties make hydrochar a potential low-cost adsorbent for water purification and soil remediation. In order to increase its ability to remove heavy metal contaminants from aqueous solutions, chemical modification/activation of hydrochar surface using KOH has been suggested. The presented FT-IR spectroscopy analysis of hydrochars obtained from grape pomace and miscanthus (Miscanthus×giganteus) showed that KOH modification increased the oxygen-containing functional groups on hydrochar surfaces and its aromaticity. As a result, activated hydrochars may demonstrate enhanced sorption efficiency.

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Removal of copper and cadmium from aqueous solution using switchgrass biochar produced via hydrothermal carbonization process

Cited by 450 publications

References 34 publications

Arsenic(III) removal from aqueous solution by raw and zinc-loaded pine cone biochar: equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamics studies

Arsenic(III) removal from aqueous solution by raw and zinc-loaded pine cone biochar: equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamics studies

Effect of Koh Activation on Hydrochars Surface: Ft-Ir Analysis

Recyclable Porous Adsorbents as Environmentally Approach for Greenhouse Gas Capture

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