Removal of critical metals from waste water by zero-valent iron

Vollprecht, Daniel; Krois, Lisa-Marie; Sedlazeck, Klaus Philipp; Müller, Peter; Mischitz, Robert; Olbrich, Tobias; Pomberger, Roland

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.10.180

Cited by 41 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…Metallic iron (Fe 0 ) is a potential reducing agent for many reducible species, including water (H 2 O) and O 2 [15,26,56,57,114]. The redox potential of water is 0.00 V, making water a powerful oxidizing agent for Fe 0 (E 0 = −0.44 V).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Selected Pretreatment Procedures on Iron Dissolution from Metallic Iron Specimens Used in Water Treatment

Ndé-Tchoupé

Lufingo

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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Studies were undertaken to determine the reasons why published information regarding the efficiency of metallic iron (Fe 0 ) for water treatment is conflicting and even confusing. The reactivity of eight Fe 0 materials was characterized by Fe dissolution in a dilute solution of ethylenediaminetetraacetate (Na 2 -EDTA; 2 mM). Both batch (4 days) and column (100 days) experiments were used. A total of 30 different systems were characterized for the extent of Fe release in EDTA. The effects of Fe 0 type (granular iron, iron nails and steel wool) and pretreatment procedure (socking in acetone, EDTA, H 2 O, HCl and NaCl for 17 h) were assessed. The results roughly show an increased iron dissolution with increasing reactive sites (decreasing particle size: wool > filings > nails), but there were large differences between materials from the same group. The main output of this work is that available results are hardly comparable as they were achieved under very different experimental conditions. A conceptual framework is presented for future research directed towards a more processed understanding.Sustainability 2019, 11, 671 2 of 20 organic [27,28], fluoride [29][30][31], heavy metals [32,33], nitrate [34,35], pathogens [36][37][38] and radionuclides [32,39]. The desalination of water using Fe 0 has also been reported [40][41][42][43]. The two key advantages of Fe 0 are its affordability and its universal availability (iron nails, scrap iron and steel wool) [9,10,44,45]. It is commonly reported that the major drawback of Fe 0 -based technologies for water treatment is the low intrinsic reactivity of granular materials [28,33,46]. This situation is said to be aggravated by the inherent generation of an oxide scale at the Fe 0 surface (passivation). Countermeasures to overcome Fe 0 passivation were recently reviewed by Guan et al. [28] and further discussed by Noubactep [47]. It is recalled that, considering passivation as a "curse" contradicts the evidence that Fe 0 -based subsurface permeable barriers have been successfully working for more than one decade [48][49][50]. On the other hand, increased "passivation" should have occurred in the spongy iron filters in Antwerpen as well [2,19]. Clarifying this contradiction is certainly a progress for the whole Fe 0 technology. Clearly, an understanding of the role of "passivation" in the process of decontamination using Fe 0 should be useful for enhancing the system's efficiency in practice [30,31,47].There is an agreement on the evidence that using Fe 0 for water treatment and environmental remediation is "putting corrosion to use" [51][52][53]. There is otherwise a contradiction on practically any other aspect concerning the Fe 0 /H 2 O system, including the reaction mechanisms and factors determining the long-term efficiency of such systems [9,28,47,[54][55][56][57][58]. A key reason for this is the large variability of experimental conditions used in testing Fe 0 materials [58][59][60][61][62]. The main influencing operational parameter seems to be Fe 0 itself [58,61,63,6...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Metallic iron (Fe 0 ) has been used in the water treatment industry for more than 140 years [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Fe 0 filters are reported to be common place in Europe in the 1860s [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Selected Pretreatment Procedures on Iron Dissolution from Metallic Iron Specimens Used in Water Treatment

Ndé-Tchoupé

Lufingo

et al. 2019

Sustainability

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“…The main reason being that Fe 0 is a reactive material, producing adsorbing agents in-situ [20,21]. It is certain that discrepancies in published data are rationalized by the different experimental procedures employed by individual researchers [58,113,114]. Experimental procedures differ with respect to Fe 0 size and type, Fe 0 pre-treatment, Fe 0 particle size, Fe 0 dosage, volume of solution, shaking/stirring type and intensity, fraction of the bottles filled with solution, contaminant concentration, buffer application, and equilibration time [111,112,114].…”

Section: Investigating the Fe 0 /H 2 O Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Treatment Using Metallic Iron: A Tutorial Review

Gwenzi

Sipowo-Tala

et al. 2019

Processes

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Researchers and engineers using metallic iron (Fe0) for water treatment need a tutorial review on the operating mode of the Fe0/H2O system. There are few review articles attempting to present systematic information to guide proper material selection and application conditions. However, they are full of conflicting reports. This review seeks to: (i) Summarize the state-of-the-art knowledge on the remediation Fe0/H2O system, (ii) discuss relevant contaminant removal mechanisms, and (iii) provide solutions for practical engineering application of Fe0-based systems for water treatment. Specifically, the following aspects are summarized and discussed in detail: (i) Fe0 intrinsic reactivity and material selection, (ii) main abiotic contaminant removal mechanisms, and (iii) relevance of biological and bio-chemical processes in the Fe0/H2O system. In addition, challenges for the design of the next generation Fe0/H2O systems are discussed. This paper serves as a handout to enable better practical engineering applications for environmental remediation using Fe0.

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“…Solid-liquid removal processes such as chemical precipitation, filtration, and adsorption, among others, have been widely used for the removal of metals such as nickel (Ni), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cobalt (Co), and chromium (Cr) of liquid effluents [8][9][10][11]; however, some of these methods have disadvantages such as high operating cost and low efficiency; however, methods such as coagulation and precipitation are already used in various industrial processes for the removal of metals from industrial effluents [12]. In recent years, adsorption has been one of the most used metal ion removal techniques, since it is a simple, effective, and inexpensive process compared to other methods [13][14][15][16][17]. Adsorption processes have been experimented with an extensive amount of materials such as adsorbents, among which activated carbon stands out due to its high capacity for capturing metal ions; however, this material has the disadvantage of generating large quantities of sludge, since the removal of metals trapped in activated carbon can only be done with processes that are often expensive such as leaching [5,9,18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Industrial Waste for the Bioremediation of Water Used in Industrial Processes

Hernández-Soto¹,

Hernández²,

Ardila-Arias³

et al. 2020

Water Chemistry

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Recently the interest in the remediation of liquid effluents from industries such as paint manufacturing, leather tanning, etc. has increased, because the quality of the water used in these processes is highly compromised and is generally discarded without any process of purification, causing an inadequate use of water and contributing to the hydric stress of the planet. Therefore, it is necessary to find alternatives for the remediation of water used in industrial processes; one of the methods that has been widely accepted given its high efficiency, low cost, and versatility compared to others is the bioadsorption using materials derived from various processes used for the elimination of metals such as Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, etc. from liquid effluents. Among the materials used for this purpose are rice husk, orange, and wheat as well as apatite (hydroxyapatite and brushite), derived from animal bones, which have shown good capacity (>90%) to adsorb metals from aqueous solutions. Through the characterization by DRX, FTIR, and SEM, of the brushite and studies in equilibrium and kinetics of adsorption, it has been demonstrated that this material has a good capacity to remove metals present in water.

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Removal of critical metals from waste water by zero-valent iron

Cited by 41 publications

References 48 publications

The Impact of Selected Pretreatment Procedures on Iron Dissolution from Metallic Iron Specimens Used in Water Treatment

The Impact of Selected Pretreatment Procedures on Iron Dissolution from Metallic Iron Specimens Used in Water Treatment

Water Treatment Using Metallic Iron: A Tutorial Review

The Use of Industrial Waste for the Bioremediation of Water Used in Industrial Processes

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