Removal of Cu(II), Pb(II), and Ni(II) by Adsorption onto Activated Carbon Cloths

Abstract

The adsorption of three metal ions, Cu(II), Ni(II), and Pb(II), is performed by activated carbon cloths (ACC). Two adsorbents, CS 1501 (with more than 96% of micropore volume) and RS 1301 (with 32% of mesopore volume), are studied. Batch experiments are carried out to assess kinetic and equilibrium parameters. They allow kinetic data, transfer coefficients, and maximum adsorption capacities to be computed. These parameters show the fast external film transfer of metal ions on fibers, because of their low diameter (10 μm). Intraparticular diffusion coefficients are lower than those obtained with a granular activated carbon, but maximum adsorption capacities agree with literature values for GAC. They show the dependency of adsorption on metal ion size and ACC porosity, the largest cation Pb(II) being more adsorbed by the mesoporous cloth. The pH effect is studied, and pH adsorption edges are determined. They are short, only 2 pH units, and located below the precipitation edges. A decrease of equilibrium pH with an increase of metal ion concentration, coupled with a regeneration study of saturated ACC by HCl, lead us to propose an adsorption mechanism by ion-exchange between metal cations and H+ ions at the ACC surface. Carboxylic groups seem especially involved in this mechanism, and precipitation between metal ions could happen.

Adsorption of metal ions on lignin

“…The simple complexation model was applied to the experimental data for the adsorption of Pb(II), Cu(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), and Ni(II) on lignin. Both soluble hydroxo species MOH and M(OH) 2 were taken into account in the calculation with the corresponding formation constants obtained from Dzombak and Morel [47].…”

“…For Zn(II), however, S 1 OM + and S 2 OM + had to be taken into account to obtain a satisfactory fit. Attempts were made to model the experimental data after the formation of (S 2 O) 2 Table 4. Good agreement between the calculated and the experimental curves for all the metals suggests that the surface complexation model reproduces the adsorption data reasonably well in the experimental conditions.…”

“…Methods of minimizing heavy metal concentrations in surface waters and wastewaters are therefore crucial for environmental protection. The main techniques that have been used to remove heavy metals from water include chemical precipitation, membrane filtration, ion exchange, and adsorption on activated carbon [1][2][3][4][5][6]. However, these methods have limitations such as high operational costs in the case of adsorption by activated carbon and difficulties meeting strict regulatory requirements in the case of chemical precipitation.…”

Metallophilic fungi research: an alternative for its use in the bioremediation of hexavalent chromium

“…The availability of more binding sites when the biomass dose increases represents a larger adsorption area. That factor increases the efficiency of the process towards reaching an equilibrium (Kadirvelu and Cloirec 2000).…”

Sorption of chlorophenols on microporous minerals: mechanism and influence of metal cations, solution pH, and humic acid

“…Activated carbons, zeolites, biomaterials, clay minerals, and some industrial solid wastes have been used as sorbents for removal of ions and organics from water (Banat et al 2000;Kadirvelu et al 2000;Aksu and Yener 2001;Mohan and Singh 2002;Sljivic et al 2009;Yousef et al 2011;Quintelas et al 2012). Among these sorbent materials, activated carbons are the most widely used and exhibit good adsorption capacities for many organic pollutants due to their porous structures and large surface areas (Aksu and Yener 2001;Anbia and Ghaffari 2009;Nath and Bhakhar 2010;Zhou et al 2014).…”