“…Consequently, composite or hybrid structures are promising materials for water treatment. The widely used host materials for nanocomposite include carbonaceous materials like granular activated carbon [25], silica [26][27][28][29], cellulose [30,31], chitosan [32,33], sand [34,35], and polymers [36][37][38]. Some examples include the immobilization of metal oxides on carbon nanotubes for lead, arsenic, and fluoride removal 2 Journal of Nanomaterials [39][40][41], activated carbon immobilized on carbon nanotubes for chromium removal [25], and carbohydrate and iron oxide on multiwalled carbon nanotubes for zinc removal [42].…”