Removal of depleted uranium from contaminated soils

Choy, Christine Chin; Korfiatis, George P.; Meng, Xiaoguang

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.11.011

Cited by 58 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Additionally, fermentative bacteria can then use these cellulose breakdown products as carbon and energy sources, producing a variety of fermentation products, including shortchain organic acids, alcohols, and hydrogen (20). These fermentation products may significantly influence contaminant mobility, since organic acids can chelate metals and radionuclides, potentially increasing their mobility (8,21,27,44,47). On the other hand, the work of numerous investigators has shown that these same compounds can serve as the carbon and energy sources for metal-and sulfate-reducing bacteria that reduce and precipitate the metals and radionuclides found at these sites (1,7,19,31,39,40,45,48,52,56,59).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Molecular Techniques To Elucidate the Influence of Cellulosic Waste on the Bacterial Community Structure at a Simulated Low-Level-Radioactive-Waste Site

Field

D’Imperio

Miller

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Low-level-radioactive-waste (low-level-waste) sites, including those at various U.S. Department of Energy sites, frequently contain cellulosic waste in the form of paper towels, cardboard boxes, or wood contaminated with heavy metals and radionuclides such as chromium and uranium. To understand how the soil microbial community is influenced by the presence of cellulosic waste products, multiple soil samples were obtained from a nonradioactive model low-level-waste test pit at the Idaho National Laboratory. Samples were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and 16S rRNA gene microarray (PhyloChip) analyses. Both methods revealed changes in the bacterial community structure with depth. In all samples, the PhyloChip detected significantly more operational taxonomic units, and therefore relative diversity, than the clone libraries. Diversity indices suggest that diversity is lowest in the fill and fill-waste interface (FW) layers and greater in the wood waste and waste-clay interface layers. Principal-coordinate analysis and lineage-specific analysis determined that the Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria phyla account for most of the significant differences observed between the layers. The decreased diversity in the FW layer and increased members of families containing known cellulosedegrading microorganisms suggest that the FW layer is an enrichment environment for these organisms. These results suggest that the presence of the cellulosic material significantly influences the bacterial community structure in a stratified soil system.The processing of nuclear materials, operation of nuclear reactors, and research and development activities at government sites, hospitals, universities, and radiochemical and radiopharmaceutical manufacturers have led to the generation of a substantial amount of low-level mixed radioactive and heavy metal wastes that have been disposed of in pits, trenches, and other waste sites (2). Codisposed of with metals and radionuclides were large quantities of cellulose-containing materials such as wood, paper towels, cardboard, cheesecloth, and other materials (53). These wastes result from glove box operations, decontamination, housekeeping, maintenance, and construction activities and can constitute up to 90% of the volume of typical low-level radioactive waste (low-level waste [LLW]) (60). While there are over 20,000 commercial users of radioactive materials (2), the Department of Energy (DOE) complex houses the majority of disposed LLW waste at sites including Savannah River, Hanford, Idaho National Laboratory (INL), and Nevada test sites (3). Prior to 2000, the DOE disposed of approximately 2 million cubic meters of LLW and has projected the disposal of an additional 10

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Molecular Techniques To Elucidate the Influence of Cellulosic Waste on the Bacterial Community Structure at a Simulated Low-Level-Radioactive-Waste Site

Field

D’Imperio

Miller

et al. 2010

Appl Environ Microbiol

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show abstract

“…Dermont et al (2008) lists 37 field applications of soil washing of various metals and most were not able to achieve 90% removal. Choy et al (2006) achieved 50-60% removal of DU from firing range soils using either citric acid or sodium bicarbonate and was able to achieve up to 80% removal if a hydrogen peroxide step was added. However, this was in a soil containing less than 10% silt and clay.…”

Section: Previous Soil Washing Experience For Uranium (Fernald/mound)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Technical Evaluation of Soil Remediation Alternatives at the Building 812 Operable Unit, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Site 300

Eddy-Dilek¹,

Miles²,

Abitz³

2009

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“…Contamination of soil with DU has increased public health concerns due to the chemical toxicity of DU at elevated dosages [15]. Inhalation of DU aerosols are recognized as a distinct human health hazard and have been suggested to be responsible in part for illnesses of populations that may exposed [16]. Thefore DU was removed from contaminated area using decontamination equipment, and transportation to a radioactive waste management facility for conditioning.…”

Section: Radioativity Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main problem associated with radioactive waste is the fact that it cannot be degraded or treated chemically or biologically. Therefore, the only options are to contain the waste by storing it in tightly closed containers shielded with radiation-protective materials such as lead [16]. For the more safety preventive measures were carried out to ensure that background radiation levels do not exceed the permissible limits.…”

Section: Radioativity Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation Survey of an Area Suspected to be Contaminated by Depleted Uranium Released from Industrial Radiography Camera

Idriss¹

2017

MOJT

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Removal of depleted uranium from contaminated soils

Cited by 58 publications

References 18 publications

Application of Molecular Techniques To Elucidate the Influence of Cellulosic Waste on the Bacterial Community Structure at a Simulated Low-Level-Radioactive-Waste Site

Application of Molecular Techniques To Elucidate the Influence of Cellulosic Waste on the Bacterial Community Structure at a Simulated Low-Level-Radioactive-Waste Site

Technical Evaluation of Soil Remediation Alternatives at the Building 812 Operable Unit, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Site 300

Radiation Survey of an Area Suspected to be Contaminated by Depleted Uranium Released from Industrial Radiography Camera

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