Removal of Displaced Dental Implants in the Maxillary Sinus Using Endoscopic Approaches

Abstract

With the broad indications for dental implantation, complications rates have increased. Dental implant displacement into the maxillary sinus, although rare, can occur during the restoration of maxillary posterior teeth. We performed a 6-year retrospective review and found 3 cases with displaced implants in the maxillary sinus. Detailed information, including surgical indications and dental implant removal methods, is provided. Dental implants can be dislocated to the maxillary sinus perioperatively or postoperatively. Endoscopic sinus surgery can be performed to remove the implant and restore sinus patency. If the implant is displaced to deeper areas (commonly anterior and inferior) of the maxillary sinus, a prelacrimal recess approach can provide a panoramic view of the maxillary sinus and is a good alternative to the Caldwell-Luc operation in terms of mucosal preservation and postoperative complications.

Analysis of retrieval of dental implants displaced into ectopic locations between 2015–2017 and 2018–2020: scoping review of literature

“…Regarding the retrieval technique of DDIs, Chang et al (2020) [25] reported four surgical removal techniques. According to our study, IS was used in 61.2% patients in the EP, whereas ES was used in 82.5% patients in the LP, with the differences being statistically significant.…”

“…Therefore, the incidence of postoperative facial numbness was lower than that with the Caldwell-Luc technique. Otorhinolaryngologists use the fenestrated approach in the MS or modified transnasal ES by creating a small hole in the inferior nasal meatus [25,60]. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons and otorhinolaryngologists should select safe and minimally invasive surgical procedures for the retrieval of DDIs [7,10,43,44,49].…”

“…One of the complications, for example, is the displacement or migration of dental implants from their original to ectopic sites [16,23]. Displacement or migration of dental implants occurs primarily during the perioperative period of dental implant surgery, though it can even occur after the placement of dental implant prosthesis [9,16,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Displaced dental implants (DDIs) have been reported to migrate to the paranasal sinuses [10,22,26,30,31], mandibular body [24,32] and canal [33], submandibular space [5], buccal space [34], and even to distant locations, such as the esophagus [35] and stomach [36].…”

“…Patients with DDIs not only exhibit localized pain, swelling, discomfort, and/or complications after the surgery, but are also referred to university hospitals on physical and psychological distress [7,10,27,30,37]. Such patients should undergo dental implant removal surgery as soon as possible to prevent further complication [4,5,10,16,19,25,36,38].…”

Age- and sex-related changes of the volume of maxillary sinuses quantified via cone beam computed tomography

“…Examples of accidents that involve the MS are the oroantral communication (Polat et al, 2007) and the displacement of foreign bodies into the sinus (Toledano-Serrabona et al, 2021). In these cases, nose bleeding and sinusitis may emerge as complications (Chang et al, 2020). Large (high-volume) MS with thin walls are more prone to wall fracture and oroantral communication (Polat et al, 2007).…”