Removal of Dissolved Organic Matter by Nanofiltration

Dissolved Organic Matter in Freshwaters

“…It is, nonetheless, possible to estimate the likely range of recoveries using NF membranes from published data for the rejection (see eqn [1]) of DOM by those membranes. Amy et al (1990) obtained an average rejection of 85 AE 6% for the removal of TOC using NF membranes to treat a river water and a groundwater that was derived from recharged secondary effluent. Tan and Sudak (1992) tested two RO membranes (brackish water type) and two NF membranes in a 336 h study and found that the percent rejection of TOC by the two NF membranes (95.0 AE 1.7 and 95.7 AE 1.2) was only slightly less than the results obtained for the two RO membranes (98.5 AE 0.9 and 97.9 AE 1.0).…”

Influence of ion interaction on lead removal by a polyamide nanofiltration membrane

“…Nanofiltration is a membrane filtration process that stands between ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis in which the separation characteristics are based on the sieving effect and membrane surface charge, though the NF membranes have been modified in many commercial applications [21]. Nanofiltration membranes can remove divalent ions and low molecular weight organic materials [22]. Three phenomena contribute to the ion transport through NF membranes that include size exclusion, charge effect (based on Donnan exclusion and dielectric exclusion), and different diffusivity and solubility of existing ions [23].…”

Performance of nano-filtration and reverse osmosis processes for wastewater treatment

“…P. Lange et al 28 also suggested that NF treatment would be a reliable method of meeting existing and future THM limits compared to chemical treatment alternatives. G. Amy et al 29 used NF70 membranes to remove dissolved organic matter from both groundwater (recharged from secondary effluent) and surface water in order to reduce THM precursors. They found that the process was effective in reducing the organics as well as the conductivity in both water sources.…”