Removal of estrogenic activity of iso-butylparaben and n-butylparaben by laccase in the presence of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole

Abstract

In the presence of a redox mediator, 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT), iso-butylparaben (iso-BP) and n-butylparaben (n-BP) were treated with laccase from white rot fungus Trametes versicolor. HPLC analysis demonstrated that iso-BP and n-BP almost completely disappeared from the reaction mixture after 4 h of treatment with the laccase-HBT system. Using the yeast two-hybrid assay system, it was also confirmed that the laccase-HBT system substantially removed the estrogenic activity of iso-BP and n-BP after 4 h of treatment. Furthermore, there was a linear relationship between the removal of estrogenic activity of both parabens and the decrease in their concentrations. These results demonstrate that the laccase-HBT system is effective in eliminating iso-BP and n-BP, and removing the estrogenic activity of both parabens.

Fungal Bioremediation of Emerging Micropollutants in Municipal Wastewaters

“…For example, BPA concentration reduction by Stereum hirsutum and Heterobasidium insulare was also associated to estrogenic activity removal (Lee et al 2005). Trametes versicolor caused the decrease of 99% of parabens concentration after 2 days, together with a complete detoxification (Mizuno et al 2009). The great potential of T. versicolor strains was also confirmed in the effective removal of two sulfonamides, listed among the most widely used antibiotics (Rodriguez-Rodriguez et al 2012), ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin (Prieto et al 2011), and clofibric acid, ibuprofen and carbamazepine , Marco-Urrea et al 2009.…”

“…The presence of ABTS enhanced transformation of dymron (Maruyama et al 2006), TCS (Kim and Nicell 2006a), sulfonamide 14 antibiotics (Weng et al 2013), BPA Nicell 2006b, Macellaro et al 2014) and parabens analogues (Macellaro et al 2014). On the other side HBT was found to be fundamental during laccase treatments of carbamazepine , iso-butylparaben and n-butylparaben (Mizuno et al 2009), anti-inflammatories and estrogens (Lloret et al 2010) and tetracycline antibiotics (Suda et al 2012). …”

“…Since their potential to describe estrogenicity is at least different from in vivo methodologies, their prediction potential and limits should be carefully evaluated (Jarošová et al 2014b). Among the others, yeast estrogen screen assay (YES) is a well-known test able to evidence the estrogenic activity inherent to water samples monitoring the toxicity profile before and after laccase-based treatments (Arboleda et al 2013, Chou et al 2015, Mizuno et al 2009). The human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7 BUS) 21 proliferation test (E-screen test) and the luciferase-transfected human breast cancer cell line gene reporter assay (MELN assay) have been successfully used to monitored estrogenicity through biological treatments (Lee et al 2007, Spina et al 2015.…”

“…YES assay was used to evaluate the estrogenic activity of parabens (Mizuno et al 2009) and estrogens in municipal wastewaters (Auriol et al 2008). Methods based of human breast cancer cell line (i.e.…”

“…As a consequence, operational time is an important parameter to set. Laccases are optimal biocatalysts and mediate reactions that usually last from minutes to few hours: 4-6 hours are needed for the treatment of TCS, BPA and parabens (Arboleda et al 2013, Mizuno et al 2009). A commercial laccases was rapid converting estrogens (15 min), but was much slower (8 hours) for more recalcitrant compounds such as naproxen (Lloret et al 2010).…”