Removal of heavy metals by homolytically functionalized poly(acrylic acid) with hydroquinone

Moulay, Saâd; Bensacia, Nabila

doi:10.1007/s40090-016-0097-5

Cited by 30 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The wide humps locating at around 22.5° are due to the existence of binder, polyacrylic acid. [ 52 ] After 1 cycle, the reflection peaks of silicon disappear as shown in Figure 8b, inferring that the crystalline silicon initially transforms to amorphous Li x Si during lithiation, and then the amorphous Li x Si converts to amorphous silicon after fully delithiation. To obtain detailed information of structure evolution during lithiation process, the synchrotron X‐rays diffraction technique was used to investigate the structure evolution of silicon samples with different sizes at four potentials (Figure 9).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benchmarking the Effect of Particle Size on Silicon Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Dong

et al. 2023

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High‐capacity silicon has been regarded as one of the most promising anodes for high‐energy lithium‐ion batteries. However, it suffers from severe volume expansion, particle pulverization, and repeated solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) growth, which leads to rapid electrochemical failure, while the particle size also plays key role here and its effects remain elusive. In this paper, through multiple‐physical, chemical, and synchrotron‐based characterizations, the evolutions of the composition, structure, morphology, and surface chemistry of silicon anodes with the particle size ranging from 50 to 5 µm upon cycling are benchmarked, which greatly link to their electrochemical failure discrepancies. It is found that the nano‐ and micro‐silicon anodes undergo similar crystal to amorphous phase transition, but quite different composition transition upon de‐/lithiation; at the same time, the nano‐ and 1 µm‐silicon samples present obviously different mechanochemical behaviors from the 5 µm‐silicon sample, such as electrode crack, particle pulverization/crack as well as volume expansion; in addition, the micro‐silicon samples possess much thinner SEI layer than the nano‐silicon samples upon cycling, and also differences in SEI compositions. It is hoped this comprehensive study and understanding should offer critical insights into the exclusive and customized modification strategies to diverse silicon anodes ranging from nano to microscale.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Benchmarking the Effect of Particle Size on Silicon Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Dong

et al. 2023

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“…In Figure b, the crystallization peak of PAA appeared at 31.30° (2θ) . At the same time, the intensity of the crystallization peak at 22.41° (2θ) gradually increased with the increase of the content of CNCs, which indicated that the crystallinity increased.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PEBAX 3533/PAA/CNC Composite Fiber Membranes as the Humidifier Membrane for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Abi

Chang

2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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A new type of humidification membrane for proton exchange membrane fuel cells composed of polyether-block polyamide (PEBAX) 3533, polyacrylic acid (PAA), and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) was fabricated using the electrospinning method. CNCs were used to improve the hydrophilicity of the membrane, and PAA was used to improve the spinnability of the material. Using a scanning electron microscope, the morphology of PEBAX/PAA/CNC composite fiber membranes (CFMs) and electrospun fibers was investigated. Through X-ray diffraction analysis and the tests of water vapor permeability, air permeability, and water contact angles, the effects of CNCs on membrane properties were investigated. The results showed that the addition of CNCs improved the hydrophilicity and crystallinity of the CFM; while the air barrier properties of the CFM improved, the water vapor permeability coefficient of the membranes decreased. When the content of CNCs was 4.8 wt %, the vapor/air selectivity reached the highest value of (2.20 ± 0.05) × 10 4 , which was 14% more than that of the fiber membrane without CNCs.

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“…Furthermore, it is seen that LODs of cadmium ion is higher than LODs of copper and lead ions, this fact is in a good correlation with complexing ability of this ion with polymers: cadmium reacts weaker with polymers than lead and copper [42,43].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalization of PET Track-Etched Membranes by UV-Induced Graft (co)Polymerization for Detection of Heavy Metal Ions in Water

et al. 2019

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Nowadays, water quality monitoring is an essential task since environmental contamination and human exposure to heavy metals increased. Sensors that are able to detect ever lower concentrations of heavy metal ions with greater accuracy and speed are needed to effectively monitor water quality and prevent poisoning. This article shows studies of the modification of flexible track-etched membranes as the basis for the sensor with various polymers and their influence on the accuracy of detection of copper, cadmium, and lead ions in water. We report the UV-induced graft (co)polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) and 4-vinylpyridine (4-VPy) on poly(ethylene terephthalate) track-etched membrane (PET TeMs) and use them after platinum layer sputtering in square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SW-ASV) for detection of Cu2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+. Optimal conditions leading to functionalization of the surface and retention of the pore structure were found. Modified membranes were characterized by SEM, FTIR, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and colorimetric analysis. The dependence of the modification method on the sensitivity of the sensor was shown. Membrane modified with polyacrylic acid (PET TeMs-g-PAA), poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PET TeMs-g-P4VPy), and their copolymer (PET TeMs-g-P4VPy/PAA) with average grafting yield of 3% have been found to be sensitive to µg/L concentration of copper, lead, and cadmium ions. Limits of detection (LOD) for sensors based on PET TeMs-g-PAA are 2.22, 1.05, and 2.53 µg/L for Cu2+, Pb2+, and Cd2+, respectively. LODs for sensors based on PET TeMs-g-P4VPy are 5.23 µg/L (Cu2+), 1.78 µg/L (Pb2+), and 3.64 µg/L (Cd2+) µg/L. PET TeMs-g-P4VPy/PAA electrodes are found to be sensitive with LODs of 0.74 µg/L(Cu2+), 1.13 µg/L (Pb2+), and 2.07 µg/L(Cd2+). Thus, it was shown that the modification of membranes by copolymers with carboxylic and amino groups leads to more accurate detection of heavy metal ions, associated with the formation of more stable complexes.

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Removal of heavy metals by homolytically functionalized poly(acrylic acid) with hydroquinone

Cited by 30 publications

References 38 publications

Benchmarking the Effect of Particle Size on Silicon Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Benchmarking the Effect of Particle Size on Silicon Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

PEBAX 3533/PAA/CNC Composite Fiber Membranes as the Humidifier Membrane for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Functionalization of PET Track-Etched Membranes by UV-Induced Graft (co)Polymerization for Detection of Heavy Metal Ions in Water

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