Removal of lead, cadmium, and mercury ions using biosorption

Abstract

The biosorption of Pb (II), Cd (II), and Hg (II) from simulated aqueous solutions using baker's yeast biomass was investigated. Batch type experiments were carried out to find the equilibrium isotherm data for each component (single, binary, and ternary), and the adsorption rate constants. Kinetics pseudo-first and second-order rate models applied to the adsorption data to estimate the rate constant for each solute, the results showed that the Cd (II), Pb (II), and Hg (II) uptake process followed the pseudo-second-order rate model with (R 2 ) 0.963, 0.979, and 0.960, respectively. The equilibrium isotherm data were fitted with five theoretical models. Langmuir model provides the best fitting for the experimental results with (R 2 ) 0.992, 0.9987, and 0.9995 for Cd (II), Pb (II), and Hg (II), respectively. The effect of various influent adsorbates concentration, and flow rate on the performance of fixed bed adsorber was found for the three heavy metals. A mathematical model was formulated to describe the breakthrough curves in the fixed bed adsorber for each component. The results show that the mathematical model provides a good description of the adsorption process for Cd (II), Pb (II), and Hg (II) onto fixed bed of baker's yeast biomass.

Multicomponent Biosorption of Heavy Metals Using Fluidized Bed of Algal Biomass

“…Biosorption is an innovative technology that employs inactive and dead biomass for the removal and recovery of metals from aqueous solutions (Romera et al, 2007;Cui and Grace, 2007). Various biomasses such as bacteria (Ridha, 2011), sludge (Ali, 2011), yeast (Sulaymon et al, 2010), algae (Kratochvil, 1997), fungi (Brady et al, 1999) and plants (Melcakova and Ruzovic, 2010) have been used to adsorb metal ions from the environment. Among the most promising types of biosorbents studied are algal biomass (Romera et al, 2006;Figueria et al, 2000), algal biomass have been reported to have high metal binding capacities due to their containing of functional groups on the cell wall.…”

Competitive Biosorption of Lead Mercury Chromium and Arsenic Ions onto Activated Sludge in Batch Adsorber

“…Thus, attention to new natural low-cost materials as biosorbents with high metal-binding capacity , as alternatives to activated carbon, have been considered in a number of investigations (Rae & Gibb, 2003;Ulmanu et al, 2003;Bishnoi & Garirna, 2005;Cochrane et al, 2006;Sulaymon et al, 2010). These biomass include: chitin and chitosan, macroalgae, activated waste sludge, yeast, and fungi.…”