Removal of Metal Ions From Bío Bío River Water by Liquid-Phase Polymer-Based Retention Technique

Abstract

Water-soluble poly(2-acrylamidoglycolic acid) (PAAG) was synthesized by radical polymerization and characterized by FTIR spectroscopy and potentiometric titration. Subsequently, this polymer was used as extracting reagent of metal ions using LPR technique, through washing and enrichment methods. By the washing method, the selective retention (100 %) of Al 3+ was obtained at pH 2.36. The removal of monovalent and divalent ions was maximum for all the metal ions at pH 5. The maximum retention capacity of some metal ions by PAAG was studied by enrichment method using water of Bío Bío river containing metal ions. The higher retention percentage for Al 3+ ion indicates that PAAG could be used as an extracting reagent for Al 3+ ions from Bío Bío river samples.

Removal of Dyes by Polymer-Enhanced Ultrafiltration: An Overview

“…However, reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) processes have a low permeability, thus they require high pressure for operation, which increases the cost of processing [ 19 , 20 ]. On the other hand, the microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) processes have a high permeability, so the operating pressure is low compared to those of the other techniques mentioned; however, they are ineffective for the retention of small molecules with a low molecular weight such as dyes [ 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Therefore, the use of ultrafiltration (UF) has an advantage over other types of filtration since it reduces the energy cost [ 26 , 27 ] and water-soluble surfactants or water-soluble polymers can be added to improve the retention of dyes [ 21 ].…”