Removal of nerve agent sarin simulant from aqueous solution using the ZSM-5/CoFe2O4 NPs adsorbent

Multimodal Characterization of Materials and Decontamination Processes for Chemical Warfare Protection

“…PXRD is also used to determine the thermal or chemical stability of the material 41−46 or to understand how doping or ion exchange influences the parent structure. 43,45,47−49 The analysis of diffraction peak shape can also be used to calculate the average size of crystallites 35,43,50 as a decrease in particle size leads to the broadening of diffraction peaks. Below the Scherrer limit, the mean particle size t can be estimated using Scherrer equation…”

“…On the basis of the quality of the diffractogram, we can extract information, such as crystallinity of the sample, defined as size of coherently diffracting domains, or the possible presence of defects, stacking faults or partial framework collapse. PXRD is also used to determine the thermal or chemical stability of the material − or to understand how doping or ion exchange influences the parent structure. ,,− The analysis of diffraction peak shape can also be used to calculate the average size of crystallites ,, as a decrease in particle size leads to the broadening of diffraction peaks. Below the Scherrer limit, the mean particle size t can be estimated using Scherrer equation where K corresponds to the shape factor (typically ∼1), λ and θ equal the wavelength and the incident angle of the X-rays, respectively, and B is the measured full-width at half-maximum values of a diffraction peak. , …”

High Capacity Adsorption and Degradation of a Nerve Agent Simulant and a Pesticide by a Nickel Pyrazolate Metal–Organic Framework

“…A few composite materials, targeting both adsorption and degradation of extremely toxic nerve agents or their simulants, have recently been reported. For instance, Yekta et al reported the nearly complete adsorption and concomitant degradation of DMMP (a nerve agent simulant) from a pentane/water mixture by a 50-fold excess (w/w) of CoFe 2 O 4 modified zeolite (ZSM-5) in 50 min . Lee et al reported the preparation of a zeolite-templated carbon (ZTC)/UiO-66-NH 2 composite material .…”

Designing Oxide Aerogels With Enhanced Sorptive and Degradative Activity for Acute Chemical Threats

“…Zeolites can be chemically modified with nanoparticles or inorganic coordination complexes or ion exchanged with more chemically reactive cations that replace the alkali or alkaline earth cations present in the native zeolite that charge balance Al 3+ in the oxide framework. Zeolites enable valuable technologies from ion exchange (such as water softening or remediation of radioactive Cs + from aqueous waste) to separations (even distinguishing ortho, meta, para aromatics) to adsorption to catalysis (such as fluid catalytic cracking to produce high-octane gasoline), but they can also adsorb and potentially detoxify simulants and CW agents (Yekta et al, 2019). But just as with MOFs, microporous entrances and exits into the high surface area of the zeolite's interior compromise rate-critical applications (Rolison, 2003) such as CW agent or TIC mitigation where the number of molecules affected per second matters.…”