Removal of Nickel(II) and Zinc(II) from Wastewater Using Fly Ash and Impregnated Fly Ash

Effect of quaternary ammonium cations on dye sorption to fly ash from aqueous media

“…FA was characterized by standard techniques [6] ( Table 2). The d-spacing values (X-ray diffraction) of FA reveal the presence of hematite, α-quartz, γ -alumina, and kaolinite [7]. The FTIR spectrum ( Fig.…”

Kinetics of adsorption of metal ions on inorganic materials: A review

“…Similarly, with fly ash (FA) and impregnated fly ash [with 0.1 M Al (NO 3 ) 3 ; IFA-Al and 0.1 M Fe(Cl) 3 ; IFA-Fe], Ni(II), adsorption of Ni(II) from aqueous solution [134] had first order rate coefficient of 0.299 to 0.097 min − 1 for FA, 0.391 to 0.111 min − 1 for IFA-Al and 0.332 to 0.101 kmin − 1 for IFA-Fe in the temperature range of 303 to 333 K. It thus appears that Ni(II) uptake was very fast at a lower temperature compared to those in a higher temperature (experimental conditions: adsorbent 1.25 g L − 1 , Ni(II) 20 mg L − 1 , pH 6.0, and stirring speed 100 rpm). Adsorption of Ni(II) on silico-antimonate has also been proposed as following the Lagergren model [114] with a first order rate coefficient of 4.15× 10 − 2 min − 1 (experimental conditions: adsorbent 5.0 g L − 1 , Ni(II) 50 mg L − 1 , pH 4.0, and temperature 298 ±1 K).…”

“…Most authors thus find that diffusion into pores plays a significant role in the rate processes and hence, computed the diffusion rate coefficient. Thus, Pb(II) adsorbed on modified bentonite (treated by 8-hydroxy quinoline) [60] with a diffusion rate coefficient of 1.024 to 1.280 mg g − 1 min − 0.5 up to 60 min for the temperature range of 293 to 323 K with initial Pb(II) of 112.5 mg L − 1 ; both Pb(II) and Cd(II) adsorbed on activated alumina [156] with diffusion rate coefficient of 0.1060 to 0.5094 mg g − 1 min − 0.5 for Cd(II)-alumina and from 0.1489 to 0.6440 mg g − 1 min − 0.5 for Pb(II)-alumina for Pb(II) and Cd(II) concentrations of 10 to 50 mg L − 1 ; Cd(II) on loess soil [134] had intra-particle diffusion rate coefficient of 0.048 (Cd(II) 50 mg L − 1 ) and 0.054 mg g − 1 min − 0.5 (Cd(II) 100 mg L − 1 ); Pb(II) on montmorillonite-illite type clay [186] had diffusion rate coefficient of 1.9855 to 3.1259 mg g − 1 min − 0.5 for Pb(II) concentration of 100 to 200 mg L − 1 ; adsorption of Cu(II) on 2,2′-dipyridyl treated bentonite [173] had intra-particle diffusion rate coefficient of 0.448 to 0.140 mg g − 1 min − 1 in the temperature range of 293 to 323 K. The intra-particle diffusion model was also applied to Zn(II) adsorption on kaolin [197] without any quantitative findings. In all the cases, the plots had good linearity but they did not pass through the origin clearly overruling intra-particle diffusion as the sole rate determining process.…”

Unburned carbon as a low-cost adsorbent for treatment of methylene blue-containing wastewater

“…Few investigations have been reported using unburned carbon for gas-or liquid-phase adsorption. In the past few years, fly ash has been applied as a low-cost adsorbent for removal of heavy metals [10][11][12] and dyes [2,8,[13][14][15][16][17] from wastewater. However, all the investigations have shown varying results for fly ash adsorption capacity and no investigation has been reported on the effect of unburned carbon present in fly ash.…”