Removal of Phenanthrene from Water Using Activated Carbon Developed from Orange Rind

Abstract

Abstract. Water contamination due to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is a matter of environmental concern in the recent years. Therefore, the adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), phenanthrene, was investigated on laboratory synthesized activated carbon prepared from orange rind. The prepared adsorbent has surface area of 352.14 m 2 /g. The effects of various experimental parameters such as adsorbent dose, initial concentration, pH, shaking time and temperature on the removal of the PAH have been investigated. The adsorption of PAH rises with the increase in shaking time and achieves equilibrium after 90 min. With the increase in the initial concentration of phenanthrene and adsorbent dose, enhancement of the adsorption rate was observed. Increase in pH of the solution has an adverse effect on the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent. The adsorption data were described by traditional Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. Adsorption capacity evaluated using Langmuir adsorption isotherm was found to be 70.92 mg/g. The work demonstrates an effective method for the treatment of industrial wastewaters.

Preparation and characterisation of activated carbon from Vitisvinifera leaf litter and its adsorption performance for aqueous phenanthrene

“…4). This observation is consistent with that reported by Gupta [26], who stated that the adsorption of phenanthrene on activated carbon derived from orange peel, was maximum at low pH values and least at high pH value. The increase in positive charge on the adsorbent surface at low pH led to higher interaction between the adsorbent surface and the phenanthrene molecule (having π-electron cloud).…”

“…most abundant PAHs and an acceptable representative of semi volatile organic compounds [25,26]. Due to the poor solubility of phenanthrene in water, milli-Q water containing 30% acetonitrile was utilised for this study.…”

“…where C 0 (mg/L), C e (mg/L) and C t (mg/L) are initial, equilibrium and after time t concentration of phenanthrene solution, respectively, V (L) is the volume of phenanthrene solution, m (g) is the mass of adsorbent and q e (mg/g) is the equilibrium adsorption capacity of adsorbent [26].…”

“…At low pH, there will be availability of more protons to enhance electrostatic attraction between the adsorbent and adsorbate [52], the higher adsorption observed at pH 3 relative to pH 12 was attributed to this. At high pH, the OH − ions also competes with adsorbate molecules for adsorption active sites on the activated carbons [26]. Hence, the reduction of phenanthrene adsorption at high pH.…”

Fungsionalisasi Silika Sekam Padi Dengan Difenilamin Untuk Adsorpsi Polisiklik Aromatik Hidrokarbon (Phenantrena)

“…Beberapa studi telah menunjukkan penggunaan berbagai material limbah pertanian yang digunakan sebagai adsorben polutan lingkungan dengan bermacam-macam kondisi (Fierro et al, 2010;Gupta and Gupta, 2015;Owabor et al, 2012;Lamichhane et al, 2016).…”