Removal of Plant Pathogen Propagules from Irrigation Runoff using Slow Filtration Systems: Quantifying Physical and Biological Components

Nyberg, Elizabeth T.; White, Susan W.; Jeffers, S. N.; Bridges, William C.

doi:10.1007/s11270-014-1999-5

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Although specific treatment technologies can reduce specific contaminants, oftentimes synergistic gains can be realized via pairing two or more types of treatment systems in series or in other combinations (i.e., treatment train approach such as filtration and sanitation). This coupling is often most effective when targeting different types of physical, chemical, and biological contaminants (e.g., agrichemicals and pathogens, or pathogens and sediment), since there is no single treatment system that will effectively manage all types of contaminants [32][33][34][35][36].…”

Section: Effective Measures For Remediation Of Recycled Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Irrigation-Water Containment Methods and Management Strategies Between Two Ornamental Production Systems to Minimize Water Security Threats

Ristvey

Belayneh

Lea‐Cox

2019

Water

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Water security in ornamental plant production systems is vital for maintaining profitability. Expensive, complicated, or potentially dangerous treatment systems, together with skilled labor, is often necessary to ensure water quality and plant health. Two contrasting commercial ornamental crop production systems in a mesic region are compared, providing insight into the various strategies employed using irrigation-water containment and treatment systems. The first is a greenhouse/outdoor container operation which grows annual ornamental plants throughout the year using irrigation booms, drip emitters, and/or ebb and flow systems depending on the crop, container size, and/or stage of growth. The operation contains and recycles 50–75% of applied water through a system of underground cisterns, using a recycling reservoir and a newly constructed 0.25 ha slow-sand filtration (SSF) unit. Groundwater provides additional water when needed. Water quantity is not a problem in this operation, but disease and water quality issues, including agrochemicals, are of potential concern. The second is a perennial-plant nursery which propagates cuttings and produces field-grown trees and containerized plants. It has a series of containment/recycling reservoirs that capture rainwater and irrigation return water, together with wells of limited output. Water quantity is a more important issue for this nursery, but poor water quality has had some negative economic effects. Irrigation return water is filtered and sanitized with chlorine gas before being applied to plants via overhead and micro-irrigation systems. The agrochemical paclobutrazol was monitored for one year in the first operation and plant pathogens were qualified and quantified over two seasons for both production systems. The two operations employ very different water treatment systems based on their access to water, growing methods, land topography, and capital investment. Each operation has experienced different water quantity and quality vulnerabilities, and has addressed these threats using a variety of technologies and management techniques to reduce their impacts.

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Section: Effective Measures For Remediation Of Recycled Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Irrigation-Water Containment Methods and Management Strategies Between Two Ornamental Production Systems to Minimize Water Security Threats

Ristvey

Belayneh

Lea‐Cox

2019

Water

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“…Remediation efficacy depends on the particle size of the substrate, the diameter of the contaminant to be removed, and the biological activity within the skin layer. For contaminants >2 μm in diameter, physical processes likely drive removal (Wohanka et al 1999 ), while for contaminants <2 μm in size, biological processes enhance removal efficacy (Erwin and Ribeiro 1996 ; Nyberg et al 2014 ). Various fungal ( F. oxysporum f. sp.…”

Section: Remediation Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), bacterial ( Xanthomonas campestris pv. pelargonii ), nematode ( Radopholus similis ), and viral (tobacco mosaic virus) contaminants were removed via flow through a slow filter, using beds composed of various substrates such as sand, rockwool, pumice, or crushed brick (Lee and Oki 2013 ; Nyberg et al 2014 ; Stewart-Wade 2011 ; Wohanka and Helle 1997 ; Wohanka et al 1999 ).…”

Section: Remediation Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Paired installation allows for continuous treatment capacity as one filter is taken off-line for maintenance. One month prior to filter maintenance, water recycling was started through the alternate filter so microbial communities can mature within the filter skin, achieving design-specified treatment capacity (Nyberg et al 2014 ; Oki and White 2012 ).…”

Section: Remediation Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although each of the treatment technologies discussed above can help reduce environmental impacts associated with production runoff, additional gains in treatment efficacy can be realized via pairing two or more types of treatment systems in series or other combinations which are synonymous with treatment train or chain. This coupling is often most effective when targeting different types of physical, chemical, and biological contaminants (e.g., agrichemicals and pathogens, or pathogens and sediment), since there is no single treatment system that will effectively manage all types of contaminants (Biswas et al 2007 ; Drapper and Hornbuckle 2015 ; Gearheart 1999 ; Kabashima et al 2004 ; Nyberg et al 2014 ). Much of the research with treatment trains has been focused on stormwater runoff (Campbell et al 2004 ) and wastewater treatment systems (Zeng et al 2016 ), with fewer studies focused on agricultural water treatment trains for container-grown crop production.…”

Section: Remediation Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water Use and Treatment in Container-Grown Specialty Crop Production: A Review

Majsztrik

Fernandez

Fisher

et al. 2017

Water Air Soil Pollut

Self Cite

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While governments and individuals strive to maintain the availability of high-quality water resources, many factors can “change the landscape” of water availability and quality, including drought, climate change, saltwater intrusion, aquifer depletion, population increases, and policy changes. Specialty crop producers, including nursery and greenhouse container operations, rely heavily on available high-quality water from surface and groundwater sources for crop production. Ideally, these growers should focus on increasing water application efficiency through proper construction and maintenance of irrigation systems, and timing of irrigation to minimize water and sediment runoff, which serve as the transport mechanism for agrichemical inputs and pathogens. Rainfall and irrigation runoff from specialty crop operations can contribute to impairment of groundwater and surface water resources both on-farm and into the surrounding environment. This review focuses on multiple facets of water use, reuse, and runoff in nursery and greenhouse production including current and future regulations, typical water contaminants in production runoff and available remediation technologies, and minimizing water loss and runoff (both on-site and off-site). Water filtration and treatment for the removal of sediment, pathogens, and agrichemicals are discussed, highlighting not only existing understanding but also knowledge gaps. Container-grown crop producers can either adopt research-based best management practices proactively to minimize the economic and environmental risk of limited access to high-quality water, be required to change by external factors such as regulations and fines, or adapt production practices over time as a result of changing climate conditions.

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Microbial ecology of biofiltration used for producing safe drinking water

Dinkla²,

Muyzer

2022

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Biofiltration is a water purification technology playing a pivotal role in producing safe drinking water. This technology attracts many interests worldwide due to its advantages, such as no addition of chemicals, a low energy input, and a high removal efficiency of organic compounds, undesirable taste and odours, and pathogens. The current review describes the microbial ecology of three biofiltration processes that are routinely used in drinking water treatment plants, i.e. (i) rapid sand filtration (RSF), (ii) granular activated carbon filtration (GACF), and (iii) slow sand filtration (SSF). We summarised and compared the characteristics, removal performance, and corresponding (newly revealed) mechanisms of the three biofiltration processes. Specifically, the microbial ecology of the different biofilter processes and the role of microbial communities in removing nutrients, organic compounds, and pathogens were reviewed. Finally, we highlight the limitations and challenges in the study of biofiltration in drinking water production, and propose future perspectives for obtaining a comprehensive understanding of the microbial ecology of biofiltration, which is needed to promote and optimise its further application. Key points • Biofilters are composed of complex microbiomes, primarily shaped by water quality. • Conventional biofilters contribute to address safety challenges in drinking water. • Studies may underestimate the active/functional role of microbiomes in biofilters.

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Removal of Plant Pathogen Propagules from Irrigation Runoff using Slow Filtration Systems: Quantifying Physical and Biological Components

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

A Comparison of Irrigation-Water Containment Methods and Management Strategies Between Two Ornamental Production Systems to Minimize Water Security Threats

A Comparison of Irrigation-Water Containment Methods and Management Strategies Between Two Ornamental Production Systems to Minimize Water Security Threats

Water Use and Treatment in Container-Grown Specialty Crop Production: A Review

Microbial ecology of biofiltration used for producing safe drinking water

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