Removal of Reactive Red 24 Dye by Clean Electrocoagulation Process Using Iron and Aluminum Electrodes

Ghalwa, Nasser M Abu; Saqer, Alaa M; Farhat, Nader B

doi:10.4172/2157-7048.1000269

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…They explained their findings by highlighting the reaction between the generated hydrogen gas with Cl-, NO 3 -, and HCO 3 - and decomposition of Al(OH) 3 to strong OH- ions. Ghalwa et al argued that using iron electrodes at alkali pH improved removal process due to the decrease in iron ions decomposition and formation of iron (II) hydroxide forms that are adsorbents of dye molecules ( 23 ). In addition, removal performance decreased at alkali pH because hydroxide ions were oxidized at the anode, conversion of Fe +2 to Fe +3 forms, and formation of Fe(OH) 6 3 - and Fe(OH) 4 -.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Reactive Black 5 dye from aqueous solutions by coupled electrocoagulation and bio-adsorbent process

Naraghi¹,

Baneshi²,

Amiri³

et al. 2018

Electron Physician

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BackgroundTextile wastewater contains a significant amount of bio dye compounds including Reactive Black 5 (RB5) as an Azo dye that causes serious damage to the environment and aquatic life in receiving water resources. It is estimated that approximately 15% of the dyestuff is discharged into water bodies and 50% of those are Azo dyes.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of combining electrocoagulation and bio-adsorption methods using the active carbons from Kenya tea waste to remove RB5 from aquatic solutions.MethodsExperiments were done in wastewater and the Wastewater laboratory of Gonabad University of Medical Sciences in 2017. Initially, iron electrodes were installed in a 1 L glass container and connected to electrical power with primary dye concentration of 500 mg/l, EC 1000–3000 μs/cm, adsorbent dosage of 0.2–1.0 mg/l, pH 2–9 and electrical potential 30 V. After that, the samples were collected at twenty-minute intervals until the eightieth minute. Performance of dye removal was measured using spectrophotometer techniques (597 nm). Finally, the data were analyzed by descriptive statistics using Microsoft Excel 2017 version.ResultsThe findings of this study demonstrated that the highest simultaneous removal performance (96%) was obtained by pH 6, 80-minute reaction time, and EC 3000 μs/cm. With the increasing of reaction time, the energy consumption, electrodes wear, pH, final temperature of effluent, and removal efficiency would increase. Adsorption process could play a small role in the removal of the dye, while it was very effective in improving the performance of the electrocoagulation process.ConclusionA combination of the electrocoagulation and adsorption processes can be adopted as an efficient and economical way to treat effluents contaminated with dyestuff.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Reactive Black 5 dye from aqueous solutions by coupled electrocoagulation and bio-adsorbent process

Naraghi¹,

Baneshi²,

Amiri³

et al. 2018

Electron Physician

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“…A farm of algae have been ready with the possibility of conducting test drills on them, calculation of the number of algae was done before exposure or impact of electrical charges according to Table (2). (10,20,30) min at each electric intensity and gradually with pH =7. All the parameters studied illustrated in detail in Table (3) D. At each time intervals (10, 20, 30) min.…”

Section: Experimental Methods and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Oscillatoria ),Vulgaris which is one of the green algae was obtained from the Center of Science and Technology in Baghdad University, where a pure isolation of 10 ml was taken and quantity Multiply by 1000 ml after being placed in special incubators with standard conditions of temperature and light as shown in Figure ( 1 ). After (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14) days, algae solution then diluted to 12 liters using a Haemacy to meter counting chamber t0 measure the cell density 0f the pre-cultured algae in 0rder to calculate the di-luti0n ratio. Then, the algae v0lume diluted with tap water because the initial cell c0ncentration fixed at 327 cells/L.…”

Section: Preparation Of Algae Solutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concentrated effluents required around 6 h of treatment time and current density of 400 A/m 2 to reduce the pollutants concentrations to the environmentally acceptable levels. A comparison between iron and aluminum electrodes ,where used in electrocoagulation process for the removal of Reactive Red 24 from synthetic wastewater was carried out by [Ghalwa,et al ,2016] The effects of parameter such as pH, initial dye concentration, current density, distance between electrodes, electrolyte type and concentration of electrolyte on the removal efficiency of dye and COD were investigated. The results showed that the removals of dye and COD by using iron were 99.6% and 91.5% and were 97.9% and 83.8%, by using aluminum and the optimum conditions were: pH of 7.2, distance between electrodes of 0.8 cm, NaCl concentration of 2500 mg/L and temperature of 20 o C. [Mansoorian et al,2016] examined the efficiency of continuous electrocoagulation process in the treatment of spent filter backwash water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Removal Methods Assessment Through Reduction Algae Count in Uncovered Water Tank

Mansori¹,

klakeel²

2018

IJET

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The research includes study the effect of three factors (voltage, rotational speed, acidity) with time to remove or reduce the percentage of algae in uncovered water tank; these factors studied combined with each other or individually. the removal percentage of algae increased by increasing the electrical voltage, Best result of removal was obtained when using two factors, change in the voltage (4, 8,12 and 16) vole /cm and speed of rotation (50, 100, 150 and 200) rpm . The rate of removal of algae was 100% at voltage 16 volts with a rotation speed (200) rpm and 40 min. The values extracted for algae removal showed that the best result was (100%) at (voltage 16 vole/cm and acidity with pH 4) with time 30 min. It can be conclude, the best method to remove or reduction of algae in uncovered tanks was physical one as a compared with the other methods like chemical or biological methods. Therefore, it needs additional requirements unlike physical strategies decrease, the cost and time required to evacuate green growth.

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“…Several authors used EC for disinfection in urban wastewater treatment facilities (WWTFs), describing total inactivation (> 99.99%) of Escherichia coli [14][15][16], total coliforms [17,18] or Staphylococcus aureus [19]. EC has also been applied to minimize the organic load of dye and textile wastewater [13,[20][21][22][23], urban wastewater [24], olive oil mill wastewater [25] and cheese whey or dairy wastewater [3,[26][27][28][29]. For a synthetic whey solution, Un et al [3] described a maximum COD removal of 86.4% using a reactor in continuous with Fe electrodes…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advantages of electro-Fenton over electrocoagulation for disinfection of dairy wastewater

Bruguera-Casamada

Araujo

Brillas

et al. 2019

Chemical Engineering Journal

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This study is focused on the disinfection of raw dairy wastewater by means of a sequential treatment including an electrocoagulation (EC) step with an Fe|Fe cell followed by electro-Fenton (EF) or UVA-assisted photoelectro-Fenton (PEF). The two latter methods were run with an air-diffusion cathode for H2O2 generation and either a boron-doped diamond (BDD) or a RuO2-based anode. The inactivation of heterotrophic and lactic acid bacteria, Escherichia coli and enterococci was assessed. Low removal of organic load was found in all cases, whereas the bacteria were poorly removed by the flocs formed in EC but largely inactivated in EF and PEF. EF was also advantageous because it prevented the formation of harmful sludge containing active bacteria, in contrast to EC. Heterotrophs were the most stable bacteria, whereas the others were totally inactivated in most cases. In the sequential EC/EF process involving a BDD anode in the latter step, the inactivation rate for the lactic acid bacteria was higher at circumneutral pH, due to the great ability of produced active chlorine to oxidize the molecules of the cell walls. The use of a RuO2-based anode also led to a quick inactivation at pH 3.0. A better performance was achieved when PEF replaced EF, regardless of the anode, owing to the enhanced bacterial inactivation by UVA radiation. The raw dairy wastewater at natural pH 5.7 treated by single EF step with a RuO2-anode also yielded a faster removal of lactic acid bacteria, Escherichia coli and enterococci as compared to BDD, always remaining small contents of active heterotrophs in solution.

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Removal of Reactive Red 24 Dye by Clean Electrocoagulation Process Using Iron and Aluminum Electrodes

Cited by 24 publications

References 30 publications

Removal of Reactive Black 5 dye from aqueous solutions by coupled electrocoagulation and bio-adsorbent process

Removal of Reactive Black 5 dye from aqueous solutions by coupled electrocoagulation and bio-adsorbent process

Removal Methods Assessment Through Reduction Algae Count in Uncovered Water Tank

Advantages of electro-Fenton over electrocoagulation for disinfection of dairy wastewater

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