Removal of resin acids and sterols from pulp mill effluents by activated sludge treatment

Kostamo, Auli; Kukkonen, Jussi V. K.

doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(03)00108-8

Cited by 56 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…an activated sludge system (Liver et al 1993;Pere et al 1993;Scott and Ollis 1995;Nakamura et al 1997;Novak et al 1998;Sarlin et al 1999;Thompson et al 2001;Diez et al 2002;Kostamo and Kukkonen 2003;Mahmood and Elliott 2006;Agridiotis et al 2007; Chakrabari et al 2008;Elliott and Mahmood 2012;Kaluža et al 2014). Figure 9 provides a schematic illustration of a clarifier unit that would follow such treatment.…”

Section: Secondary Treatment: Activated Sludgementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aerobic biological treatment of wastewater is widely practiced in P&P mills (Ghem 1973;Costa et al 1974;Gergov et al 1988;LaPara and Alleman 1999;Schnell et al 2000a;Thompson et al 2001;Kostamo and Kukkonen 2003;Chakrabarti et al 2008;Kamali and Khodaparast 2015). One of the main objectives of aerated biological treatment is to reduce the BOD levels of the treated wastewater.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of toxic substances (mainly AOX and dioxins) in effluents from pulp bleaching has been reduced by 95% down to a level of ≤0.1 KgAOX·t -1 of pulp since 1990, mainly thanks to the replacement of chlorine gas by elemental-chlorine-free and total-chlorine-free chemicals in bleaching processes (Aspapel 2011;CEPI 2013). Kostamo and Kukkonen (2003) reported that secondary wastewater treatment with activated sludge can be effective for the removal of toxicity.…”

Section: Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Endocrine disruptors may be also present in the wastewater (Balabanic et al 2012), though relatively little is known about potential endocrine disruption effects of paper mill effluents on aquatic organisms. For example, plant sterols (phytosterols) may act as disrupters of the hormonal and biochemical systems of aquatic organisms (Kostamo and Kukkonen 2003). Pulp mill effluents are known to contain varying amounts of phytosterols, which have the structure similar to that of the steroid hormones of vertebrates (Lehtinen et al 1999).…”

Section: Toxicity Of Recalcitrant Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities

Hubbe

Metts

Hermosilla

et al. 2016

BioRes

194

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The pulp and paper (P&P) industry worldwide has achieved substantial progress in treating both process water and wastewater, thus limiting the discharge of pollutants to receiving waters. This review covers a variety of wastewater treatment methods, which provide P&P companies with costeffective ways to limit the release of biological or chemical oxygen demand, toxicity, solids, color, and other indicators of pollutant load. Conventional wastewater treatment systems, often comprising primary clarification followed by activated sludge processes, have been widely implemented in the P&P industry. Higher levels of pollutant removal can be achieved by supplementary treatments, which can include anaerobic biological stages, advanced oxidation processes, bioreactors, and membrane filtration technologies. Improvements in the performance of wastewater treatment operations often can be achieved by effective measurement technologies and by strategic addition of agents including coagulants, flocculants, filter aids, and optimized fungal or bacterial cultures. In addition, P&P mills can implement upstream process changes, including dissolved-air-flotation (DAF) systems, filtration save-alls, and kidney-like operations to purify process waters, thus reducing the load of pollutants and the volume of effluent being discharged to end-of-pipe wastewater treatment plants. Keywords: Wastewater treatment; Pulp and paper manufacturing; Advanced oxidation; Membrane technologies; Clarification; Activated sludgeContact information: a: North Carolina State University, Dept. of Forest Biomaterials, Campus Box 8005, Raleigh, NC 29695-8005; b: WestRock Company, Water and Waste Treatment, 600 S 8th St, Fernandina Beach, FL 32034; c: Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, University of Valladolid, Campus Duques de Soria, E-42004 Soria, Spain; d: Complutense University of Madrid, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ingn. Quim, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad Universitaria s/n,S-N, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; e: Concordia University, Dept. Bldg. Civil & Environm. Engn., 1455 Maisonneuve Blvd, West Montreal, PQ H3G 1M8, Canada; f: University of Jyväskylä, Dept. Chem., Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; g: Department of Biology, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; h: Department of Environment and Planning, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, CESAM, Aveiro & Department of Materials and Ceramics, Institute of Materials, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; i: FPInnovations, 570 St. Jean Blvd., Pointe Claire, PQ H9R 3J9, Canada; * Corresponding author: hubbe@ncsu.edu Contents of the Article INTRODUCTIONThe pulp and paper (P&P) industry occupies a challenging position with respect to the natural environment. On the positive side, the industry is based on the usage of renewable, photosynthetic resources. On the other hand, the industry discharges huge quantities of aqueous effluents. Large volumes (up to 70 m 3 ) of wastewater ...

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Section: Secondary Treatment: Activated Sludgementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mechanism Of Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Toxicity Of Recalcitrant Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities

Hubbe

Metts

Hermosilla

et al. 2016

BioRes

194

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“…In case of somewhat similar water samples from wet debarking process, biological treatment was reported to result in ca. 70 % COD removal without significantly affecting colour, attributed to lignin (Leiviskä et al 2008); while a high percentage of the extractives can be removed biologically (Kostamo and Kukkonen 2003;Leiviskä et al 2009), even diluted effluents possess substantial toxicity, not to mention the possible breakthroughs of toxic influent during the periods of unstable operation of biological process. There has also been reported a possible increase in some of the remaining extractive compounds toxicity due to chemical transformations during biological treatment (Stahlschmidt-Allner et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined methods for the treatment of a typical hardwood soaking basin wastewater from plywood industry

Klauson

Klein

Kivi

et al. 2015

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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In this research, various combinations of physicochemical (coagulation, Fenton process and ozonation) and biological (aerobic oxidation) treatment methods were used to purify wastewater originating from wood soaking basins in plywood production industry. Although the wastewater has good biodegradability (92 %), there is a high fraction of organic material expressed as recalcitrant chemical oxygen demand (COD) of approximately 360 mg L -1 . High fraction of organics is caused by woodoriginating water-soluble material, i.e. extractives, including lignin and tannins. It was found that optimal treatment method for hardwood soaking basin wastewater is the combination of biological pre-treatment, chemical treatment with Fenton reagent and biological post-treatment. Under optimal conditions of combined process performance, up to 99 % removal of the organic loads, nitrogen and phenols was achieved. Besides achieving target discharge limits stated for industrial wastewater, the effluent met the requirements set for municipal wastewater treatment plants, making the treated water acceptable for subsequent discharge into natural water bodies: treated water COD = 90 ± 3 mg L -1 ; BOD 7 = 10 ± 1 mg L -1 . The main result of the present work was the establishment of sustainable, efficient and economically feasible process to treat the wastewater with minimised chemicals consumption. This differs considerably from approaches such as coagulation or wet oxidation, used to treat similar water types according to the literature, and is readily applicable for the production facilities of various scales, including small and medium enterprises, without the need to make changes in existing technological schemes.

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Removal of hard COD from acidic eucalyptus kraft pulp bleach plant effluent streams using oxidoreductases

Herold-Majumdar

Pita

Estevez

et al. 2021

Biotech and App Biochem

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The bleach plant of a pulp and paper (P&P) mill presents a major source of wastewater containing toxic organic matter characterized as chemical oxygen demand (COD). Due to their high oxidizing power, oxidoreductases hold promise to be a key solution for the removal of dissolved organic material. Here, four oxidoreductases from different enzyme families were selected to treat bleach plant effluents. Haloperoxidase treatment of the final effluent resulted in the highest levels of decolorization (71%) and reduction of aromatic compounds (36%). Using single compound analysis, 27 low molecular weight compounds were found to be persistent throughout the wastewater treatment process and, therefore, classified as hard COD. The tested enzymes efficiently removed several of the identified COD compounds. Hence, this study suggests that the application of oxidoreductases will serve as an environmental-friendly solution for reducing waste from P&P production.

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Removal of resin acids and sterols from pulp mill effluents by activated sludge treatment

Cited by 56 publications

References 13 publications

Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities

Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities

Combined methods for the treatment of a typical hardwood soaking basin wastewater from plywood industry

Removal of hard COD from acidic eucalyptus kraft pulp bleach plant effluent streams using oxidoreductases

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