Removal of technetium-99 from simulated Oak Ridge National Laboratory Newly-Generated Liquid Low-Level Waste

Beck, D.E.; Osborne, P.E.; Bunch, D.H.; Fellows, R.L.; Sellers, G.F.; Shoemaker, J.L.; Bowser, K.T.; Bostick, D.T.

doi:10.2172/95161

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…This is especially problematic whenever hazardous but dilute waste streams are concerned because, in general, the volume of secondary waste per mole of contaminant recovered is inversely proportional to the concentration of contaminant in the primary waste . A good example of a difficult separation problem is the pretreatment of nuclear process waste stored at Hanford, WA − or at Oak Ridge, TN. , These waste streams contain high concentrations of many inorganic and organic ions (ionic strengths exceeding 5 M are common), but the concentrations of radioactive ions are low (∼5 × 10 -5 M for 90 Sr 2+ , 99 TcO 4 - (pertechnetate), and 137 Cs + ). The technologically and scientifically challenging extraction and recovery of these radionuclides from high-ionic-strength matrixes is under investigation in many laboratories.…”

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confidence: 99%

A Strategy for Separating and Recovering Aqueous Ions: Redox-Recyclable Ion-Exchange Materials Containing a Physisorbed, Redox-Active, Organometallic Complex

et al. 1998

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A series of anion-exchange materials were prepared by adsorption of the dark-green organometallic salt HEP + NO 3or HEP + ReO 4dissolved in organic solvents onto three different silica gels (HEP ) 1,1′,3,3′-tetrakis(2-methyl-2-hexyl)ferrocene). Adsorption isotherms showed that the amount of HEP + salt adsorbed depended on the choice of counteranion, solvent, surface area, and pore size diameter of the silica gel. After drying the HEP + NO 3 -/ SiO 2 and HEP + ReO 4 -/SiO 2 solid materials, the organometallic salts did not desorb into the aqueous phase when the solids were treated with aqueous solutions containing NaNO 3 and/or HNO 3 . The HEP + NO 3 -/SiO 2 materials functioned as redox-recyclable ion exchangers. Treatment of the materials with aqueous waste simulants containing KReO 4 , NaNO 3 , and HNO 3 resulted in NO 3 -/ReO 4ion exchange as follows: HEP + NO 3 -/SiO 2 (s) + ReO 4 -(aq) h HEP + ReO 4 -/SiO 2 (s) + NO 3 -(aq). The distribution coefficient for one of the new materials was 100 mL/g (440 mL/mmol of HEP + ) for an aqueous waste simulant containing ReO 4and 1.0 M HNO 3 . This can be compared with 290 mL/g (87 mL/mmol of cationic sites) for Reillex-HPQ, a commercial non-redox-recyclable ionexchange resin which has been studied for ReO 4and TcO 4extraction. The higher distribution coefficient per millimole of cationic sites suggests that HEP + NO 3 -/SiO 2 is more selective for ReO 4than Reillex-HPQ under these conditions. The recovery of adsorbed ReO 4was accomplished by treating the exchanged materials with aqueous ferrocyanide, which caused the reduction of adsorbed HEP + to adsorbed HEP and concomitant release of the adsorbed counterions ReO 4and NO 3 -. Reactivation of HEP/SiO 2 to HEP + NO 3 -/SiO 2 was accomplished with aqueous ferric nitrate. Five complete extraction-deactivation/(ReO 4recovery)-reactivation cycles (duty cycle time 94 min) consistently showed a slow decrease in distribution coefficient (∼20% over five cycles). Nevertheless, the data indicate that redox-recyclable anion exchange is a viable concept and that redox-recyclable ionexchange materials with improved stability should be considered as viable alternatives to traditional anionexchange resins in the future.

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confidence: 99%

A Strategy for Separating and Recovering Aqueous Ions: Redox-Recyclable Ion-Exchange Materials Containing a Physisorbed, Redox-Active, Organometallic Complex

et al. 1998

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“…Therefore, it is highly essential to remove the dyes from water and wastewater. Among the various treatment methods [4], the conventional treatment methods are reported to be not suitable for the removal of dyes and colour but adsorption is found to be effective. The carbinol derivative structurally related to Leuco Malachite green by the replacement of unique C-H by C-OH.…”

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confidence: 99%

Studies on the Removal of Malachite Green Dyes by Adsorption onto Activated Carbons – A Comparative Study

Xavier

Usha

Rajan

et al. 2011

MSF

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Malachite Green is an organic compound that is used as a dyestuff for the materials like silk, leather and paper. As a part of removal of malachite green dye from textile and leather industrial wastes, using activated carbon as adsorbents namely, commercial activated carbon (CAC), rose apple carbon (RAC), coconut shell carbon (CSC) and saw dust carbon (SDC). The percentage of malachite green adsorbed increases with decrease in initial concentration and particle size of adsorbent and increased with increase in contact time, temperature and dose of adsorbent. The pH is highly sensitive for dye adsorption process. The adsorption process followed first order kinetics and the adsorption data with Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. The first order kinetic equations like Natarajan Khalaf, Lagergren, Bhattacharya and Venkobhachar and intra particle diffusion were found to be applicable. A comparative account of the adsorption capacity of various carbons has been made. These activated carbons are alternative to commercial AC for the removal dyes in General and MG is particular. These results are reported highly efficient and effective and low cost adsorbent for the MG. The thermodynamics parameters are also studied and it obeys spontaneous process. The results are confirmed by before and after adsorption process with the help of the following instrumental techniques viz., FT-IR, UV-Visible Spectrophotometer and SEM photos.

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“…Therefore, it is highly essential to remove the dyes from water and wastewater. Among the various treatment methods [5],…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Study of Adsorption for the Removal of Bismark Brown – Using Activated Carbons

Xavier

Sathya

Rajan

et al. 2011

MSF

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Many industries use dyes and pigments to colorize their products. Large amount different types of dyes enter in to the environment. These dyes are invariably left in the industrial wastes. As a part of removal of Bismark Brown dye from textile and leather industrial wastes, using activated carbon as adsorbents namely, commercial activated carbon (CAC), rose apple carbon (RAC), coconut shell carbon (CSC) and saw dust carbon (SDC). The percentage removal of Bismark-Brown adsorbed increases with decrease in initial concentration and particle size of adsorbent and increased with increase in contact time, temperature and dose of adsorbent. The pH is highly sensitive for dye adsorption process. The adsorption process followed first order kinetics and the adsorption data with Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models. The first kinetic equations like Natarajan Khalaf, Lagergren, Bhattacharya and Venkobhachar and intra-particle diffusion were found to be applicable. A comparative account of the adsorption capacity of various carbons has been made. These activated carbons are alternative to commercial AC for the removal dyes in General and Bismark-brown (BB) is particular. These results are reported highly efficient and effective and low cost adsorbent for the BB. The thermodynamics parameters are also studied and it obeys spontaneous process. The results are confirmed by before and after adsorption process with the help of the following instrumental techniques viz., FT-IR, UV-Visible Spectrophotometer and SEM analyze.

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Removal of technetium-99 from simulated Oak Ridge National Laboratory Newly-Generated Liquid Low-Level Waste

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

A Strategy for Separating and Recovering Aqueous Ions: Redox-Recyclable Ion-Exchange Materials Containing a Physisorbed, Redox-Active, Organometallic Complex

A Strategy for Separating and Recovering Aqueous Ions: Redox-Recyclable Ion-Exchange Materials Containing a Physisorbed, Redox-Active, Organometallic Complex

Studies on the Removal of Malachite Green Dyes by Adsorption onto Activated Carbons – A Comparative Study

Dynamic Study of Adsorption for the Removal of Bismark Brown – Using Activated Carbons

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