Removal of trihalomethanes from drinking water by nanofiltration membranes

Evaluation of the Removal of Chlorine, THM and Natural Organic Matter from Drinking Water Using Microfiltration Membranes and Activated Carbon in a Gravitational System

“…Moreover, the rejection efficiencies of BDCM and DBCM were practically 100%. As observed in previous similar studies (Uyak et al, 2008), the removal efficiency of M3 process was increased with increasing the molecular weight of THM species. As bromine atom replace the chlorine atoms, greatly increasing the molecular weight, resulted in higher removal efficiency.…”

“…Total THM rejection of M3 process was approximately equals to 74% during the complete experiment, which could be considered a suitable result, since similar results were obtained when using nanofiltration membranes at higher pressures (Uyak et al, 2008), and considering the fact that M3 is a microfiltration membrane operating only by gravity.…”

“…(Amy et al, 1990) found that the majority of THM formation potential is presented by small to medium organic compounds with a specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA) values less than 3.0. The SUVA parameter represents the ratio UV 254 /DOC and constitutes an indicator of carbon aromacity in water (Uyak et al, 2008).…”

“…Numerous research studies involving microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) of surface waters in rivers and lakes have proved that NOM is the main source of fouling during membrane processes (Uyak et al, 2008). The application of activated carbon (AC) in conjunction with MF/UF membranes is a promising technology for the removal of organic compounds in drinking water treatment, which incorporates the adsorption capabilities of activated carbon and the microorganism and particle removal ability of the MF/UF membranes (Tsujimoto et al, 1998;Yuasa, 1998).…”

“…Moreover, nanofiltration membranes also showed potential in removing THMs from drinking water (Uyak et al, 2008). The application of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis in drinking water treatment is increasing in developed countries (Clever et al, 2000).…”