Removal of water pollutants with activated carbons prepared from H3PO4 activation of lignin from kraft black liquors

Studies on adsorption of phenol and 4-nitrophenol on MgAl-mixed oxide derived from MgAl-layered double hydroxide

“…2.3 mmol/g). Such an adsorption capability is higher than most common adsorbents [8], except for some activated carbons [9]. However, the adsorption for PhOH is not so effective, in comparison with other adsorbents [9,12,13].…”

“…They can persist for many years in the environment because of their resistance to microbiological degradation. In the last decade, various methods have been proposed to remove phenols, including catalytic oxidation [1,2], photo-oxidation [3], electrochemical oxidation [4], biological degradation [5], ultrafiltration [6] and adsorption [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Since the other methods need special process requirements or special catalysts, adsorption seems to be a good choice in terms of the cost and operation for the removal of phenolic compounds from wastewater.…”

“…For example, Roostaei and Tezel investigated phenol adsorption on silica gel, activated alumina, activated carbon and zeolites, the latter two materials show a higher capacity for the adsorption of phenol [12]. Rodriguez and co-workers found that activated carbons are good adsorbents for phenol and 2,4,5-trichlorophenol [9]. Some other materials, such as calcined layered double hydroxides [11,15], dried sewage sludge [14], crosslinked starch polymers from an agro alimentary by-product [8], sewage treatment plant biosolids [7], coir pith carbon [16], crosslinked starch gels containing tertiary amine groups [8] and mesoporous silicate [10] were tested to remove phenol and substituted phenols from aqueous solution.…”

Nanoshell-Containing Carbon Cathode Catalyst for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell from Herbaceous Plants Lignin

“…Most of LG is consumed as fuel, however, LG is used as raw materials for several chemicals, such as vanillin, DMSO, ethanol, xylitol sugar and humic acid. As LG is a sustainable material, researches to use LG in wide area have been conducted, such as natural antioxidants [9][10][11], adherent [12], waste water treatment [13,14] hydrogen electrosorption [15], and bipolar plates [16]. However, there are no reports to use LG as a source in the production of NSCC or other types of catalysts for PEMFC.…”

Application of the powder of porous titanium carbide ceramics to a reusable adsorbent for environmental pollutants

“…Activated carbon, in particular, has been widely used as a typical adsorbent material for the clarification of water [3][4][5]. The material is a microporous adsorbent and is very useful for the removal of various pollutants.…”