Removing lead in drinking water with activated carbon

Abstract

A point-of-use (POU)

Adsorption of lead, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and lead-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid complex onto granular activated carbon

“…Furthermore, though several investigations do report lead removal using different carbon based adsorption materials, including the traditional activated carbon (Taylor and Kuennen, 1994;Zhang et al, 2005;Issabayeva et al, 2006;Giraldo and Moreno-Piraján, 2008;Aghamohammadi et al, 2007), activated carbon cloths (Kadirvelu et al, 2000;Faur-Brasquet et al, 2002), carbon aerogel (Goel et al, 2005) and carbon nanotubes (Li et al, 2005) but studies reporting activated carbon initiated removal of lead in the presence of EDTA are few (Abdulkarim and Abu Al-Rub, 2004;Awwad et al, 2008;Krishnan et al, 2003;. Furthermore, most of these lead/EDTA activated carbon adsorption studies have focused only on lead removal with no detailed mention of EDTA's fate.…”

Adsorption of Pb(II) onto Modified Rice Bran

“…The values of ΔH 0 and ΔS 0 can be calculated from the slope and intercept of a plot of ln K d vs. 1/T. Thermodynamic parameters such as free energy of adsorption (ΔG 0 ), the heat of adsorption (ΔH 0 ), and stand entropy changes (ΔS 0 ) during the adsorption process at the initial Pb(II) concentration of 30 mg/L were calculated using Equations (3), (4), and (5). The temperature range used was from 15 to 35℃.…”

“…However, there are several methods for the treatment of wastewaters containing Pb(II), including ion exchange, adsorption, precipitation and membrane separation [3]. During last decades, the process of adsorption using activated carbon [4][5] has been found to be an efficient technology for the removal of Pb(II) from wastewater. Though the removal of Pb(II) through adsorption is quite effective, its use is restricted sometimes due to the higher cost of activated carbon and difficulties associated with regeneration.…”

Graphene Composites for Lead Ions Removal from Aqueous Solutions

“…[ [92][93][94][95] Carbon (carbon nanotubes (CNTs), fullerenes, graphene, and graphene derivatives) based adsorbent materials are being used for the effective removal of the heavy metal ions because of their extraordinary high surface area to volume ratio and light weight as compared to other materials [66,96,97]. Currently, adsorbents based on the carbon nanotubes [98,99], activated carbon [100][101][102][103][104][105], graphene/ graphene oxide (GO) [60,67,[106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117], graphene magnetite's [118][119][120][121][122][123] polymeric adsorbents [124][125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132] and other type of adsorbents [133][134]…”