Renal Abscess and Recurrent Bacteremia Caused by Campylobacter Infection in an Adult With Common Variable Immunodeficiency

Abstract

Campylobacter bacteremia and extraintestinal manifestations are extremely rare, occurring more frequently in immunocompromised patients. We report a rare clinical case of a 46-year-old female with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) presenting with a previously undescribed extraintestinal complicationrenal abscess -and recurrent bacteremia caused by Campylobacter, which was a therapeutic challenge and required the use of secondary prophylactic antibiotic treatment to prevent recurrence.

Possible Role of Cytomegalovirus in Gastric Cancer Development and Recurrent Macrolide-Resistant Campylobacter jejuni Infection in Common Variable Immunodeficiency: A Case Report and Literature Discussion

“…lack many of the classical virulence factors of gastrointestinal bacterial pathogens, the resulting intestinal pathology is likely to be due to the host immune response [20][21][22]. Severe comorbidities, and in particular C. jejuni bacteremia, are detected in <1% of patients [18], but are more likely to occur in immunocompromised patients [17].…”

“…Such immunocompromised patients are more likely to develop severe complications after C. jejuni infection, to suffer from a chronic carrier status, or to have recurrent symptomatic episodes over years [ 13 ]. To date, the available literature is mainly limited to individual reports or series of CVID patients suffering from chronic or recurrent C. jejuni infection and/or complications such as bacteremia [ 9 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ]. However, a cohort study of CVID patients with Campylobacter infection has recently been published [ 14 ].…”

“…lack many of the classical virulence factors of gastrointestinal bacterial pathogens, the resulting intestinal pathology is likely to be due to the host immune response [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. Severe comorbidities, and in particular C. jejuni bacteremia, are detected in <1% of patients [ 18 ], but are more likely to occur in immunocompromised patients [ 17 ]. The IgM deficiency may be critical for the failure of its bactericidal effect in the blood, as well as the previously described alteration in intestinal permeability, which contributes to bacterial translocation from the intestinal mucosa into the blood and C. jejuni bacteremia [ 23 ].…”