“…The incidence of HPV-induced diseases is increased in T-cell immunodeficient individuals, such as HIV-infected (Sun et al, 1997), transplanted patients (Arends et al, 1997), patients treated by immunosuppressive drugs (Ulrich et al, 2008) or in primary immunodeficiencies (Lawrence et al, 2005). In patients with high-grade CIN 2/3 or invasive cervical carcinoma, blood cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) directed against HPV-16 E6 or E7 proteins are barely detectable (Nakagawa et al, 1997(Nakagawa et al, , 2000.…”