Renal Dysplasia with Secondary Hyperparathyroidism and Loose Teeth in a Young Dog

Abstract

In a dog with renal dysplasia and secondary hyperparathyroidism, loose teeth resulted from excessive resorption of alveolar bone. Sharpey's fibers, still anchored in the cementum, were lost in the replacing fibrous tissue and few fibers found their way to distant bone fragments. The alveolar bone is the site of predilection for the excessive, generalized resorption of bone in hyperparathyroidism. Clinical radiographic examination of the jaws is a valuable tool in the detection of the disease.

Oral and Dental Aspects of Chronic Renal Failure

“…Secondary hyperparathyroidism affects up to 92% of patients receiving hemodialysis (Massry and Ritz, 1978). Hyperparathyroidism may present as a maxillary brown tumor (Okada et al, 2000), enlargement of the skeletal bases (Nadimi et al, 1993;Phelps et al, 1994;Michiwaki et al, 1996;Damm et al, 1997;Vigneswaran, 2001), or tooth mobility (Carmichael et al, 1995).…”

Clinical, CT and ultrasonographic features of renal secondary hyperparathyroidism in a juvenile dog

“…RSHP with resultant renal osteodystrophy is an uncommon condition described in the veterinary literature5 6 8–10 with only one case report describing the CT findings of the head in an older dog with CKD. 11 The present case report describes CT of the head, thorax and abdomen, and ultrasonographic findings of RSHP in a juvenile dog.…”

“…It typically manifests in young animals, whose active growing bones (incomplete skeletal maturation) are more prone to the adverse effects of excessive PTH, in particular the maxillary and mandibular bones 5 9 11. The fibrous tissue replacing bone can often cause osseous swelling and symmetrical facial deformity 9 10. Such cases have often been associated with increased bone malleability commonly referred to as ‘rubber jaw’, more commonly affecting older dogs 19.…”

“…Due to demineralisation, mainly within the maxilla, fibrous tissue replacement occurs, and teeth become less adherent to surrounding tissues 5. Diagnostic imaging findings of RSHP have been described in the literature, mainly focusing on radiography and ultrasound 6–10. Only one case report describes the CT findings in an older dog with RSHP.…”

“…5 Diagnostic imaging findings of RSHP have been described in the literature, mainly focusing on radiography and ultrasound. [6][7][8][9][10] Only one case report describes the CT findings in an older dog with RSHP. In that report, only CT of the head was performed; ultrasonography and histopathology of the kidneys were not carried out.…”