Renal Function and Glucose Transport in Male and Female Mice with Diet‐Induced Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Noonan, William T.; Banks, Robert O.

doi:10.1111/j.1525-1373.2000.22528.x

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…As implicated several times above, the sensitivity to diabetes and DN is dependent on the genetic background in the mouse strain. The most widely used C57BL6/J mice are prone to develop diet-induced obesity, hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinimea, they are relatively resistant to DN with low levels of albuminuria and glomerulosclerosis [49,214,215]. DBA/2J mice in contrast are prone to develop albuminuria and glomerulosclerosis [49,216], as are mice on a KK background [49,217].…”

Section: Strain Dependencementioning

confidence: 99%

Pericytes regulate the blood–brain barrier

Armulik

Genové

Mäe

et al. 2010

Nature

2,356

2,310

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The blood-brain barrier (BBB) consists of specific physical barriers, enzymes and transporters, which together maintain the necessary extracellular environment of the central nervous system (CNS). The main physical barrier is found in the CNS endothelial cell, and depends on continuous complexes of tight junctions combined with reduced vesicular transport. Other possible constituents of the BBB include extracellular matrix, astrocytes and pericytes, but the relative contribution of these different components to the BBB remains largely unknown. Here we demonstrate a direct role of pericytes at the BBB in vivo. Using a set of adult viable pericyte-deficient mouse mutants we show that pericyte deficiency increases the permeability of the BBB to water and a range of low-molecular-mass and high-molecular-mass tracers. The increased permeability occurs by endothelial transcytosis, a process that is rapidly arrested by the drug imatinib. Furthermore, we show that pericytes function at the BBB in at least two ways: by regulating BBB-specific gene expression patterns in endothelial cells, and by inducing polarization of astrocyte end-feet surrounding CNS blood vessels. Our results indicate a novel and critical role for pericytes in the integration of endothelial and astrocyte functions at the neurovascular unit, and in the regulation of the BBB.

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Section: Strain Dependencementioning

confidence: 99%

Pericytes regulate the blood–brain barrier

Armulik

Genové

Mäe

et al. 2010

Nature

2,356

2,310

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“…One study intervened with a very high carbohydrate high fiber diet [29] and 3 studies intervened with a very high carbohydrate diet [30][31][32]. Six articles reported worsened blood glucose parameters under low carbohydrate diets [33][34][35][36][37][38] and 2 under moderate carbohydrate diets [39,40]. Most diets that deteriorated blood glucose parameters were rich in sucrose (n = 8).…”

Section: Main Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the amount and type of carbohydrates used in type 2 diabetes diets in animal models: A systematic review

et al. 2020

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is among the most prevalent diseases in the world, affecting over 420 million people. The disease is marked by a poor metabolic effect of insulin leading to chronic hyperglycaemia, which can result in microvascular complications. It is widely known that postprandial glycaemia is reliant on the total carbohydrate content of a meal. However, the importance of the amount and the source of these carbohydrates remains controversial due to mechanisms other than insulin secretion. Oxidative stress, inflammation, pyruvate production and the quality of the intestinal microbiota, resulting in plasma lipopolysaccharides and short-chain fatty acids production, play an important role in blood sugar control and consequently in type 2 diabetes. Thus, we systematically reviewed the preclinical evidences on the impact of the amount and type of carbohydrate found in different diets and its influence on blood glucose levels in diabetic animals. We used a comprehensive and structured search in biomedical databases Medline (PubMed), Scopus and Web of Science, recovering and analyzing 27 original studies. Results showed that sucroserich diets deteriorated diabetic condition in animal models regardless of the total dietary carbohydrate content. On the other hand, fiber, particularly resistant starch, improved blood glucose parameters through direct and indirect mechanisms, such as delayed gastric emptying and improved gut microbiota. All studies used rodents as animal models and male animals were preferred over females. Improvements in T2DM parameters in animal models were more closely related to the type of dietary carbohydrate than to its content on a diet, i. e., resistant starch seems to be the most beneficial source for maintaining normoglycemia. Results show that current literature is at high risk of bias due to neglecting experimental methods.

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“…Gender-associated responsiveness to diet has been involved in various pathologies linked to a disturbance of lipid homeostasis such as metabolic syndrome (Couillard et al 1999), insulin resistance (Noonan & Banks, 2000) or CVD (Cobb et al 1993;Li et al 2003). Lipid metabolism is clearly influenced by sex hormones.…”

Section: A-linolenic Acid: Gender: Lipid Metabolism: Dietary Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-related response of lipid metabolism to dietary fatty acids in the hamster

Morise

Mourot

Boué³

et al. 2006

Br J Nutr

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Gender and dietary fatty acids are involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism, disturbances of which can lead to pathologies such as metabolic syndrome or CVD. Possible interactions between these factors were investigated in male and female hamsters fed diets rich in either saturated fatty acids ('butter' diet) or in a-linolenic acid ('linseed oil' diet). Gender effect predominated over the diet effect on cholesterol (CH) metabolism; compared to males, females exhibited lower concentrations of plasma total CH (220 %, P,0·001), LDL-CH (240 %, P,0·001) and HDL-CH (2 16 %, P, 0·001), together with higher LDL receptor (þ 40 %) and lower HDL receptor (260 %) hepatic content. Triacylglycerol (TG) metabolism was affected by diet above all: compared to animals fed the 'butter' diet, those fed the 'linseed oil' diet exhibited lower plasma (223 %, P¼0·046) and liver TG (220 %, P¼ 0·026) concentration which may result from both an increased b-oxidation (P,0·001), without any change in PPARa mRNA, and a decreased hepatic lipogenesis (P¼ 0·023), without increased sterol response element binding protein 1c (SREBP1c) mRNA. The response to diet was much more pronounced in males than in females, without gender effect on the transcription level of PPARa and SREBP1c. Finally, the 'linseed oil' diet decreased the insulin resistance index (2 80 %, P,0·001) with a more marked effect in males, in relation to their higher hepatic PPARg expression (þ 90 %, P¼ 0·012). In conclusion, in our model, the response of either TG or CH to dietary fatty acids is modulated differently by gender. The possible relevance of these interactions to dietary practice should be taken into account in man.a-Linolenic acid: Gender: Lipid metabolism: Dietary fatty acids

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Renal Function and Glucose Transport in Male and Female Mice with Diet‐Induced Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Cited by 6 publications

References 31 publications

Pericytes regulate the blood–brain barrier

Pericytes regulate the blood–brain barrier

Effects of the amount and type of carbohydrates used in type 2 diabetes diets in animal models: A systematic review

Gender-related response of lipid metabolism to dietary fatty acids in the hamster

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