Renal Handling of Uric Acid in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes in Relation to Glycemic Control

Gołembiewska, Edyta; Ciechanowski, Kazimierz; Safranow, Krzysztof; Kędzierska, Karolina; Kabat‐Koperska, Joanna

doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2004.09.003

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…As expected, baseline uric acid concentrations and serum antioxidant capacity were low in patients with type 1 diabetes and in regular smokers (16,19,22). Consistent with previous studies (6,9), forearm blood flow responses to intrabrachial acetylcholine, but not sodium nitroprusside, were significantly impaired in patients with type 1 diabetes and in smokers.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Serum uric acid concentrations are reduced in patients with type 1 diabetes and in regular smokers (13,19), which could increase susceptibility to oxidative damage and account for the excessive free radical production characteristically found in both groups (21,21). In type 1 diabetes, low serum uric acid concentrations occur because of abnormally high uric acid renal clearance (22). At the time of first clinical presentation, children and young adults already have detectably low serum antioxidant defenses and increased plasma oxidizability (23).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Uric Acid Restores Endothelial Function in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes and Regular Smokers

et al. 2006

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Endothelial dysfunction is a characteristic finding in both patients with type 1 diabetes and in regular smokers and is an important precursor to atherosclerosis. The urate molecule has antioxidant properties, which could influence endothelial function. The impact of acutely raising uric acid concentrations on endothelial function was studied in eight men with type 1 diabetes, eight healthy regular smokers, and eight age-matched healthy control subjects in a randomized, four-way, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Subjects received 1,000 mg uric acid i.v. in vehicle, 1,000 mg vitamin C as a control antioxidant, vehicle alone, or 0.9% saline on separate occasions over 1 h. Forearm blood flow responses to intrabrachial acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside were assessed using venous occlusion plethysmography. Responses to acetylcholine, but not sodium nitroprusside, were impaired in patients with diabetes (P < 0.001) and in smokers (P < 0.005) compared with control subjects. Administration of uric acid and vitamin C selectively improved acetylcholine responses in patients with type 1 diabetes (P < 0.01) and in regular smokers (P < 0.05). Uric acid administration improved endothelial function in the forearm vascular bed of patients with type 1 diabetes and smokers, suggesting that high uric acid concentrations in vivo might serve a protective role in these and other conditions associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Diabetes 55:3127-3132, 2006

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

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confidence: 99%

Uric Acid Restores Endothelial Function in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes and Regular Smokers

et al. 2006

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“…This notion could account for the fact that SUA concentrations are often lower in patients with type 1 diabetes compared with their non-diabetic peers [10, 11], although among people with type 1 diabetes, the risk for renal disease increases with SUA levels [11]. Golembiewska et al demonstrated that poor glycaemic control was associated with hypouricaemia as a result of an increase in the fractional excretion of uric acid (FeUA) in patients with type 1 diabetes [34]. Although the precise mechanisms involved remain unknown, it is likely that the glycosuria-driven osmotic gradient across the apical membrane may prevent reabsorption of UUA.…”

Section: Renal Handling Of Uric Acid In Patients With Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fructose and uric acid in diabetic nephropathy

et al. 2015

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Clinical studies have reported associations between serum uric acid levels and the development of diabetic nephropathy, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. There is evidence from animal studies that blocking uric acid production protects the kidney from tubulointerstitial injury, which may suggest a causal role for uric acid in the development of diabetic tubular injury. In turn, when fructose, which is endogenously produced in diabetes via the polyol pathway, is metabolised, uric acid is generated from a side-chain reaction driven by ATP depletion and purine nucleotide turnover. For this reason, uric acid derived from endogenous fructose could cause tubulointerstitial injury in diabetes. Accordingly, our research group recently demonstrated that blocking fructose metabolism in a diabetic mouse model mitigated the development of tubulointerstitial injury by lowering tubular uric acid production. In this review we discuss the relationship between uric acid and fructose as a novel mechanism for the development of diabetic tubular injury.

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“…1) is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism in humans and other higher primates. The concentration levels of uric acid in serum and urine are associated with various diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, renal disease, diabetes, and hypertension, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] and are routinely determined especially in clinical and biomedical laboratories. Creatinine ( Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous Determination of Creatinine and Uric Acid in Human Urine by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

et al. 2008

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An environmentally friendly reversed-phase HPLC method for simultaneous determination of creatinine and uric acid in human urine samples has been developed. Human urine samples were pretreated by dilution, protein precipitation, centrifugation and filtration, followed by HPLC separations using a reversed-phase C18 column with an aqueous mobile phase of phosphate buffer. The retention loss of a C18 column when using the highly aqueous mobile phases was avoided by employing a gradient elution using a small volume (<0.23 mL) of acetonitrile and phosphate buffer at pH 4.75. This developed method provides a simple, rapid separation and sensitive detection for the species of interest in 10 min with UV detection at 205 nm. Quantitation was carried out by relating the peak areas of the identified compounds to that of hypoxanthine as an internal standard. The detection limits for creatinine and uric acid were 0.045 and 0.062 mg mL -1 , respectively. The recoveries of the standards added to urine samples were 87.3 -102.2% for creatinine and 97.3 -108.6% for uric acid, and the relative standard deviation for both analytes was less than 1.0%. This method has been successfully applied to estimating of creatinine and uric acid in human urine.

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Renal Handling of Uric Acid in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes in Relation to Glycemic Control

Cited by 27 publications

References 17 publications

Uric Acid Restores Endothelial Function in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes and Regular Smokers

Uric Acid Restores Endothelial Function in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes and Regular Smokers

Fructose and uric acid in diabetic nephropathy

Simultaneous Determination of Creatinine and Uric Acid in Human Urine by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

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