Renal Hemodynamics in Experimental Acute Renal Failure

Hsu, Chen-Hsing; Kurtz, Theodore W.

doi:10.1159/000182055

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…[41][42][43] Our findings that basal perfusion pressures of glycerol-treated kidneys 24 h after glycerol injection are similar to controls are consistent with these studies. Although RBF returns to normal levels, glomerular filtration is still impaired 24 h after glycerol injection.…”

Section: Control Glycerolsupporting

confidence: 90%

Endothelial Dysfunction and Increased Responses to Renal Nerve Stimulation in Rat Kidneys during Rhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Renal Failure: Role of Hydroxyl Radical

et al. 2012

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Rhabdomyolysis is an important cause of acute renal failure (ARF) and renal vasoconstriction is the main mechanism in the pathogenesis of ARF. Lipid peroxidation due to hydroxyl radical ( . OH) formation and redox cycling of myoglobin also have a role. We investigated the disturbance in renal vascular reactivity to reveal the mechanisms leading to ARF. Female Wistar rats (n = 7) were injected with glycerol (10 mL/kg, 50% in saline) intramuscularly to induce rhabdomyolysis, and then the kidneys were isolated and perfused. We investigated acetylcholine (ACh)-induced endothelium-dependent and papaverine (PAP)-induced endothelium-independent vasodilation responses and renal nerve stimulation (RNS)-induced vasoconstrictions. These were also investigated both in rats which received either . OH scavenger, dimethylthiourea (DMTU: 500 mg/kg before glycerol injection and 125 mg/kg 8 h after glycerol injection, n = 7), or myoglobin redox cycling inhibitor, acetaminophen (ApAP: 100 mg/kg 2 h before glycerol injection and 100 mg/kg each 4 h, and 22 h after glycerol injection, n = 7). ACh-induced responses in glycerol group were decreased (p < 0.001), but PAP-induced vasodilation did not change. RNS-induced vasoconstriction in all kidneys was greater (p < 0.001) in glycerol group. DMTU restored both endothelium-dependent vasodilation and RNS-induced vasoconstriction. ApAP had no effect on vascular responses. Both DMTU and ApAP exerted a partial protective effect in renal histology without restoring serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels or creatinine clearance. This study showed that endothelial dysfunction and increased vasoconstriction developed during rhabdomyolysis. . OH plays an important role in the development of these vascular responses. These findings suggest that decreased endothelium-dependent vasodilation and augmented renal sympathetic tonus contribute to the development of renal vasoconstriction during rhabdomyolysis-induced ARF.

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Section: Control Glycerolsupporting

confidence: 90%

Endothelial Dysfunction and Increased Responses to Renal Nerve Stimulation in Rat Kidneys during Rhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Renal Failure: Role of Hydroxyl Radical

et al. 2012

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“…The peroxidase activity in juxtamedullary glomeruli was reduced compared to superficial glomeruli 30 min after administration of mercuric chloride (Fig. 3b). b) 10 Mitt Following Peroxidase Injection. In control animals glomerular staining for peroxidase was prominent, but there was also a clear accumulation ofperoxidase in tubular segments (Fig.…”

Section: Glomeritlar Protein Filtrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Accumulation and Nephron Heterogeneity in Mercuric Chloride-Induced Acute Renal Failure

Wilks

Gregg²,

Bach

1994

Toxicol Pathol

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h S T R A ( J TThe present siudy was designed to assess the effects of mercury on glomerular integrity during the early phase of acute renal failure. The silver amplification method showed distribution of mercury in midcortical and juxtamedullary glomeruli and on the brush border of the S2 segment of the proximal tubule 15 min after treatment. At 30 min, there was a decrease in glomerular staining and increased mercury in the proximal tubule. After 3 hr, mercury was no longer detectable in glomeruli but was widespread in the lumen of the proximal tubule. By 24 hr, mercury was prominent in all proximal tubular segments throughout the cortex. The presence of mercury in glomeruli was not related to hemodynamic changes, as there was no evidence for blood redistribution toward juxtamedullary glomeruli as assessed by the filling of the microvascular system with Monastral Blue B. The reduced activity of horseradish peroxidase (administered iv 90 sec and 10 min before sacrifice) in juxtamedullary glomeruli 30 min after mercury administration suggests a decreased uptake of horseradish peroxidase or an increased glomerular protein filtration. These data support glomerular filtration as the predominant excretory route for mercury, highlight the marked nephron heterogeneity in the distribution of this metal, and show that impairment of glomerular integrity occurs before necrosis of the proximal tubules and acute renal failure.

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“…Various techniques have documented decreased cortical perfusion in the glycerol model of ARF during the first 2-6 hours after injection. Microsphere studies have shown a severe decrease in renal blood flow at 3 hours after glycerol injection, most pronounced in the inner cortex, with complete recovery of renal perfusion by 24 hours (3, 4,8). Recent experiments have shown that soon after experimental induction of renal ischemia, the juxtamedullary glomeruli of the inner cortex have the lowest blood flow and filtration rate ( 9 , l O ) .…”

Section: Robert C Brasch Mdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of zonal renal ischemia with contrast‐enhanced MR imaging with a macromolecular blood pool contrast agent

Vexler

Berthezène

Clémеnt

et al. 1992

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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The potential of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging enhanced with albumin-(gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid [DTPA])35, a macromolecular blood pool marker, for detection of focal changes in renal perfusion was studied in a myoglobinuric acute renal failure (ARF) model in the rat. T1-weighted spin-echo postcontrast images of injured kidneys at 3 hours after glycerol injection showed three distinct zones: a strongly enhanced outer cortex, a low-intensity inner cortex, and a strongly enhanced medulla. The distinct band of low intensity in the inner cortex indicated zonal decreased blood volume, corresponding to published microsphere data showing zonal low perfusion in the inner cortex. Contrast differences between parenchymal zones were significant for at least 30 minutes. No focal ischemic changes could be delineated on nonenhanced images. Enhanced and nonenhanced images of injured kidneys obtained at 24 hours after glycerol injection revealed no zonal differentiation. Contrast-enhanced MR imaging data in this ARF model correlated well with pathologic data and microsphere perfusion results. Contrast-enhanced characterization of the ischemic phase of renal injury with MR imaging may improve specificity for the diagnosis of ARF and may serve as a marker for therapeutic intervention.

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Renal Hemodynamics in Experimental Acute Renal Failure

Cited by 11 publications

References 23 publications

Endothelial Dysfunction and Increased Responses to Renal Nerve Stimulation in Rat Kidneys during Rhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Renal Failure: Role of Hydroxyl Radical

Endothelial Dysfunction and Increased Responses to Renal Nerve Stimulation in Rat Kidneys during Rhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Renal Failure: Role of Hydroxyl Radical

Metal Accumulation and Nephron Heterogeneity in Mercuric Chloride-Induced Acute Renal Failure

Detection of zonal renal ischemia with contrast‐enhanced MR imaging with a macromolecular blood pool contrast agent

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