Renal Involvement in Canine Leishmaniasis

Poli, Alessandro; Abramo, Francesca; Mancianti, Francesca; Nigro, Marco; Pieri, S; Bionda, A.

doi:10.1159/000186348

Cited by 89 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Our results are in accordance with Poli et al [21] who, in a study of glomerular lesions in dog with CanL, found no correlation between renal involvement and anti- Leishmania titer and creatinine but found correlation between glomerular lesions and the amount of proteinuria. Glomerulopathy that characterized CanL causes proteinuria due to deposition of circulating antigen/antibody complexes; this fact may explain the correlation between UP/UC and IgG value found in our study [18].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Relationship betweenLeishmaniaIFAT Titer and Clinicopathological Manifestations (Clinical Score) in Dogs

Proverbio

Spada

Giorgi

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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During canine leishmaniasis (CanL) due to Leishmania infantum, high levels of antibodies production are associated with the presence of various clinical signs, because of the deposition of soluble immune complexes in organs and tissues. The immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) is one of the most commonly used techniques for detection of anti-Leishmania antibodies. The purpose of this study was to assess whether there is a correlation between clinical signs and IFAT titers in dogs naturally infected with Leishmania. A retrospective study was performed on medical records of 49 dogs diagnosed with CanL. Information extracted from the medical records of each dog with CanL was clinical score, IFAT titer, serum total protein (TP), gamma globulin (IgG) and creatinine concentration, and protein creatinine ratio in urine sample (UP/UC) at each follow-up examination. Results show that dogs with highest IFAT titers recorded had higher mean clinical scores indicating a positive relationship (P < 0.0001) between anti-Leishmania antibodies (IgG) and clinical manifestations, which becomes more evident in severe clinical forms of canine leishmaniasis. Higher TP and IgG serum concentrations were recorded in dogs with higher clinical scores. Significant association was observed between UP/UC and the IFAT titer (P = 0.004).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Relationship betweenLeishmaniaIFAT Titer and Clinicopathological Manifestations (Clinical Score) in Dogs

Proverbio

Spada

Giorgi

et al. 2014

BioMed Research International

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“…Histological findings reported in our series are in line with sporadic cases described in humans and in studies on dogs, where type III MPGN was the most commonpattern [15]-[22],[25],[26]. Interestingly, free Leishmania were observed inside the capillary lumen of two patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…This is probably the result of parasitic dissemination, as reported by other authors in a human kidney transplant recipient [19] and in dogs [25],[26]. Tubular necrosis could be secondary to ischemia due to small vessel obliteration by Leishmania spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Visceral leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantumwith renal involvement in HIV-infected patients

Vassallo

Moranne

Jeandel³

et al. 2014

BMC Infect Dis

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BackgroundWe describe histological, clinical findings and outcomes of renal involvement during Leishmania infantum infection in four HIV-infected patients in South France and North Italy hospital settings.Cases presentationFour HIV-infected Caucasian patients (age 24-49) performed renal biopsy during episodes of visceral leishmaniasis. They presented severe immunosuppression, frequent relapses of visceral leishmaniasis during a follow-up period of several years and partial or complete recovery of renal function after anti-parasitic treatment. Main clinical presentations were nephrotic or nephritic syndrome and/or acute renal failure secondary to membranoproliferative type III glomerulonephritis or acute interstitial nephritis. Clinical outcome was poor, probably as a consequence of insufficient immuno-virological control of the HIV infection.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the main histological findings in case of renal involvement due to Leishmania infantum infection in HIV-infected patients are type III MPGN and acute interstitial nephritis, with a histological specificity similar to that observed in canine leishmaniasis. Poor immune status in HIV-infected patients, altering the capacity for parasite clearance, and prolonged course of chronic active VL in this population may lead to the development of specific renal lesions.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-014-0561-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Previous studies in humans, dogs and experimental models have not reported the parasite in the tissues here studied and have only described the histological changes induced in the kidneys DUARTE et al, 1983;OLIVEIRA et al, 1985;CORBETT, 1987;POLI, 1991;NIETO et al, 1992;SALGADO FILHO et al, 2003;PRIANTI et al, 2007;ALBUQUERQUE et al, 2008). Carvalho et al (2007) reported the absence of parasitic forms of Leishmania sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Presence of amastigotes in the central nervous system of hamsters infected with Leishmania sp.

Oliveira

Oshiro

Pinto

et al. 2011

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a severe chronic disease caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi. Better knowledge on the effects caused by this disease can help develop adequate clinical management and treatment. Parasitological and immunohistochemical studies were performed golden hamsters Mesocricetus auratus infected with bone marrow from individuals with VL in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, central-west Brazil. The effects of parasitism in the spleen, liver, kidneys, lungs, heart and brain of the animals were examined. Eighteen hamsters were inoculated intraperitoneally, and six healthy animals were used as negative controls. The animals were kept in the animal house and checked for clinical signs. Specimens of each organ were examined for the presence of amastigotes. Immunohistochemical technique was performed in all brain specimens and organs negative on the direct examination of parasites. Direct examination of amastigotes was positive in the spleen and liver of all infected animals; 33.3% showed the parasite in the kidneys and lungs, and 16.7% in the heart. Parasitic forms were seen in 83.3% (15/18) of the brain examined. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the results of the direct examination, except in two specimens of lung tissue and in the brain specimens. Other studies are needed to further clarify the effect of the parasite in the central nervous system. Keywords: Visceral leishmaniasis, immunohistochemistry, brain, hamster. ResumoA leishmaniose visceral (LV) é uma doença crônica grave, causada pelo parasito Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi. Esclarecer as alterações provocadas pela doença é fundamental para que se adotem condutas clínicas e de tratamento adequadas. Com o objetivo de analisar a infecção experimental em hamsters da linhagem golden, Mesocricetus auratus, infectados com tecido de medula óssea de pacientes com LV no Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, foram realizados estudos parasitológicos e de imunomarcação. Foi verificada a distribuição do parasitismo no baço, fígado, rim, pulmão, coração e encéfalo desses animais. Foram utilizados 18 hamsters experimentalmente inoculados via intra-peritoneal, e seis animais sadios como controles negativos. Os animais foram mantidos em biotério de experimentação e observados, em busca de alterações clínicas. Com fragmentos de cada órgão, procedeu-se a confecção de lâminas por aposição para pesquisa de amastigotas. Nos órgãos com resultado negativo na pesquisa direta do parasito, e em todas as amostras de encéfalo, foi realizada a técnica de imunohistoquímica. A pesquisa direta de amastigotas foi positiva no baço e fígado de todos os animais infectados; 33,3% apresentaram o parasito em rim e pulmão, e 16,7% no coração. Quando realizada

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Renal Involvement in Canine Leishmaniasis

Cited by 89 publications

References 15 publications

Relationship betweenLeishmaniaIFAT Titer and Clinicopathological Manifestations (Clinical Score) in Dogs

Relationship betweenLeishmaniaIFAT Titer and Clinicopathological Manifestations (Clinical Score) in Dogs

Visceral leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantumwith renal involvement in HIV-infected patients

Presence of amastigotes in the central nervous system of hamsters infected with Leishmania sp.

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