Renal lymphoma: spectrum of CT findings and potential mimics.

Renal involvement in lymphoma: prevalence and various patterns of involvement on abdominal CT

“…These are seen as hypoechoic masses on US sonograms and as hypo-dense masses on CT scans [13,14]. Lymphoma presenting as a solitary renal mass is the most rare form and has a non-specific growth pattern mimicking renal adenocarcinoma [15]. In our patients, the commonest pattern was enlarged lobular kidneys (36.4%).…”

“…Supportive clues for the lymphomatous nature of these lesions are hypo-dense or non-enhancing lesions on post-contrast CT scans along with the presence of bulky retroperitoneal lymph nodes [1,8,15]. Needless to say all, these findings are well demonstrated on helical CT scans following the administration of contrast bolus.…”

Bilateral xanthogranulomatous perinephritis without renal parenchymal involvement

“…Nonneoplastic processes involving the perirenal space usually consist of retroperitoneal fibrosis [10]. Extramedullary hematopoiesis, which can be seen in thalassemia, hereditary spherocytosis, myelosclerosis, and other causes of anemia, can also involve the perirenal space as a "masslike" or a "plaque-like" lesion [11,12].…”

“…Perirenal lymphoma is usually secondary to transcapsular spread of renal parenchymal disease or develops by direct extension from a retroperitoneal lymphoma. However, isolated perirenal involvement without renal parenchymal or retroperitoneal disease is the most atypical form of renal lymphoma [10]. Multiple myeloma is another rare cause of perirenal tumoral infiltration [14].…”

Clinical Aspects of Renal Cell Carcinoma

“…Lymphoma may present in various clinical forms. The majority of patients have bilateral renal involvement; nonetheless, diffuse infiltration of the kidney(s) or a solitary nodule may be other ways of presentation [87,88]. A history of lymphoma, or radiological signs of lymphoma such as splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy imply that the renal mass may be lymphoma.…”