Renal malakoplakia mimicking a malignant renal carcinoma: a patient case with literature review

Purnell, Stephanie; Davis, Bonnie; Burch-Smith, Rhonda; Coleman, Pamela

doi:10.1136/bcr-2014-208652

Cited by 20 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Clinical diagnosis is uncommon. Differential diagnosis of malakoplakia is broad, including conditions like solid neoplasms, inflammatory bowel disease, xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, tuberculosis and Whipple disease [ 1 , 2 , 5 , 7 , 8 ]. Radiological findings are also highly unspecific [ 4 , 9 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malakoplakia mimicking a locally advanced colorectal neoplasm

Mainguyague

Cabreras

Oksenberg

et al. 2021

Journal of Surgical Case Reports

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Malakoplakia is a rare disease. Clinical presentation is non-specific, making its diagnosis an incidental finding on histopathological analysis. The aim of this case report is to describe a patient diagnosed with colon, renal and soft tissue malacoplakia mimicking a locally advanced colorectal cancer. A 75-year-old man was admitted due to intense abdominal pain. No relevant findings at the physical examination. Computed tomography showed parietal thickening of the descending colon with left kidney, iliopsoas muscle and retroperitoneum involvement. An elevated blood serum creatinine, elevated glycated hemoglobin and urinary infection were detected. Surgery was decided for suspicious symptomatic colonic neoplasm. Left segmental colectomy with left partial nephrectomy and retroperitoneal soft tissue resection was performed. Pathology report was compatible with malakoplakia. Malakoplakia is a rare disease and may affect multiple organs. Because there are no clinical-specific findings, diagnosis is usually made with histopathological study of the surgical specimen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malakoplakia mimicking a locally advanced colorectal neoplasm

Mainguyague

Cabreras

Oksenberg

et al. 2021

Journal of Surgical Case Reports

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“…It is the calcification of these incompletely digested organisms that are thought to produce the Michaelis-Gutmann bodies. 2 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Surgical excision is the choice treatment of unifocal disease, and nephrectomy is indicated when damage to the kidney is extensive. 1 , 2 , 3…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Malakoplakia has a predilection for the genitourinary tract, but has been known to affect the gastrointestinal tract, bone, lungs, lymph nodes and skin, with a female predominance 4:1. 2 Patients with malakoplakia usually present with fever, flank and/or loin pain, abdominal mass and a history of E. coli urinary tract infection. 3 It can rarely present as renal vein thrombosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A rare renal malakoplakia mimicking renal tumor presenting with deep vein thrombosis and bilateral pulmonary embolism in a 58-year-old woman

Hilal

Dine

Omar

et al. 2021

Urology Case Reports

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Malakoplakia is an uncommon chronic inflammatory disease that appears as soft plaques in various organs and results from defective macrophage function, which tends to affect immunocompromised and debilitated patients. The pseudotumoral form presentation is rare especially with para-neoplastic syndrome. Preoperative diagnosis of renal malakoplakia in appropriate clinical settings can prevent unnecessary surgery. We present a clinical case of renal malakoplakia in a 58 old woman mimicking a malignant locally advanced renal carcinoma with rare presentation of bilateral pulmonary embolism.

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“…Similar to UCC, malacoplakia can be multifocal in up to 75% of cases [36]. Malacoplakia typically presents as multifocal masses in an enlarged kidney or in the renal sinus, mimicking lymphoma or metastases or lesions may coalesce into a large dominant mass distorting the kidney and simulating an aggressive infiltrative malignancy (Figure 8 ) [37]. On MRI, malacoplakia appears as multifocal hypointense masses on both T1W and T2W sequences with intervening enhancing fibrous stroma, which shows delayed enhancement [38].…”

Section: Malacoplakiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging Manifestations of Acute and Chronic Renal Infection That Mimics Malignancy: How to Make the Diagnosis Using Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

et al. 2019

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Purpose To review the computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging manifestations of acute and chronic renal infections that may mimic malignancy and to provide useful tips to establish an imaging diagnosis. Conclusion Acute and chronic bacterial pyelonephritis are usually readily diagnosed clinically and on imaging when the diagnosis is suspected based upon clinical presentation. When unsuspected, focal, extensive or mass-like, acute and chronic bacterial pyelonephritis may mimic infiltrative tumours such as urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC), lymphoma, and metastatic disease. Infection may be suspected when patients are young and otherwise healthy when there is marked associated perinephric changes and in the absence of metastatic adenopathy or disease elsewhere in the abdomen and pelvis. Renal abscesses, from bacterial or atypical microbial agents, can appear as complex cystic renal masses mimicking cystic renal cell carcinoma. Associated inflammatory changes in and around the kidney and local invasion favour infection. Emphysematous pyelonephritis can mimic necrotic or fistulizing tumour; however, infection is more likely and should always be considered first. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis can mimic malignancy when focal or multifocal and in cases without associated renal calculi. Malacoplakia is an inflammatory process that may mimic malignancy and should be considered in patients with chronic infection. Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG)-induced pyelonephritis is rare but can mimic renal malignancy and should be considered in patients presenting with a renal mass when being treated with BCG for urinary bladder UCC.

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Renal malakoplakia mimicking a malignant renal carcinoma: a patient case with literature review

Cited by 20 publications

References 6 publications

Malakoplakia mimicking a locally advanced colorectal neoplasm

Malakoplakia mimicking a locally advanced colorectal neoplasm

A rare renal malakoplakia mimicking renal tumor presenting with deep vein thrombosis and bilateral pulmonary embolism in a 58-year-old woman

Imaging Manifestations of Acute and Chronic Renal Infection That Mimics Malignancy: How to Make the Diagnosis Using Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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