Renal Manifestation in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism: a Retrospective Analysis in a Tertiary Institute

Abstract

Objectives:The classical renal manifestations of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) are nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis. The presence of renal stone categorizes PHPT as symptomatic variant. The clinical profile of PHPT has changed in past few decades with decreased prevalence of renal stone disease with the introduction of widespread routine biochemical screening in normal subjects. In developing countries, PHPT is still a late diagnosed disorder and most of the patients are symptomatic at presentation. Presence of renal stone in PHPT patients is an absolute indication of parathyroidectomy, hence it is important to identify renal involvement in PHPT. The objective of the study is to determine the rate of renal manifestations in patients of biochemically primary hyperparathyroidism and compared to control group. This retrospective review was performed to determine whether the rate of nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis is still high in the patients who underwent dual phase 99mTc sestamibi scan for PHPT at National Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (NINMAS) compared to those not affected by the disorder.

Recurrent Nephrolithiasis Due to Parathyroid Adenoma

“…The prevalence is between 27 and 30 per 100 000 individuals [ 9 ]. In addition, there is a four to eightfold increased prevalence of nephrolithiasis in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism than subjects not affected by the disorder [ 10 , 11 ].…”