Renal papillary calcification and the development of calcium oxalate monohydrate papillary renal calculi: a case series study

Gráses, F.; Costa-Bauzà, Antònia; Prieto, Rafel M.; Conte, Antonio Hernandez; Servera, A.

doi:10.1186/1471-2490-13-14

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…It must be taken into consideration that renal papillary calcification is associated with the development of renal calculi [ 5 , 6 ]. Therefore, close follow-up is necessary for the donor kidney with renal papillary calcification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex Vivo Removal of Stones in Donor Kidneys by Flexible Ureteroscopy Prior to Renal Transplantation: A Case Report

et al. 2017

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Patient: Male, 33Final Diagnosis: Donation after cardiac death (DCD)Symptoms: NoneMedication:—Clinical Procedure: Ex vivo removal of stones in donor kidneys by flexible ureteroscopSpecialty: TransplantologyObjective:Rare co-existance of disease or pathologyBackground:Because of the shortage of grafts, many attempts have been made to treat calculi in donor kidneys and have achieved successful management. This case report is the first to present removal of stones from bilateral kidneys from a single donor through flexible ureteroscopy before transplantation.Case Report:The present case report shows the clinical management of bilateral donor kidneys with calculi, which were taken from a 33-year-old man through donation after cardiac death (DCD). Computed tomography showed 2 stones in the right donor kidney and 1 in the left donor kidney. Two stones were removed ex vivo using a flexible ureteroscope before transplantation, and the third one turned out to be a renal papillae calcification, which was left in place without surgical treatment. The bilateral donor kidneys were transplanted to 2 recipients.Conclusions:There is a possibility of increasing the kidney pool by using donor kidneys containing calculi, which should be removed before transplantation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex Vivo Removal of Stones in Donor Kidneys by Flexible Ureteroscopy Prior to Renal Transplantation: A Case Report

et al. 2017

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“…This deposition, which is similar to extracellular matrix mineralization, can be favoured by oxidative stress and consequent microvascular injury (32). This complex process leads to formation of Randall's plaques, made of apatite, from which calcium-containing stones originate through different attachment mechanisms (33).…”

Section: Physicochemical Basismentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical Management of Urinary Calculi: Up to Date 2016

Marangella¹

2016

Urologia

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Nephrolithiasis (NL) is one of the most prevalent nontransmissible diseases in western countries. It is being associated with other frequent diseases, including osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, through a putative common link with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance or altered mineral metabolism. This review will focus on classification, physicochemical basis, risk factors, laboratory and imaging investigations, medical management.Classification as to stone composition includes calcium, uric acid (UA), cystine (Cys), infected, 2-8 dihydroxyadenine and rare NL. According to pathophysiology, NL is classified as primary, secondary to systemic diseases or drugs, caused by renal or metabolic hereditary disorders.A stone can only form in supersaturated environment, and this is sufficient in UA, Cys and infected NL, but not in Ca-NL, which results from the imbalance between supersaturation and inhibition. All types are characterized by derangements of peculiar risk factors. Laboratory investigations aim at identifying type of NL, underlying risk factors and state of saturation, and pathophysiology. This justifies a rationale therapy able to dissolve some types of stones and/or produce reduction in recurrence rate in others.Medical management includes alkali and allopurinol for UA nephrolithiasis (UA-NL), thiols and alkali in Cys-NL, dietary and pharmacological intervention for Ca-NL. Thiazides and alkaline citrate salts are the most widely used drugs in Ca-NL, where they proved efficient to prevent new stones. Other drugs have only been used in particular subsets.Proper medical management and modern urological approaches have already notably improved clinical outcomes. Future studies will further clarify mechanisms of NL with expected new and targeted therapeutic options.

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“…, calcium and phosphate) supersaturation; urinary pH; and a disruption, reduction, or abnormalities in crystallization inhibitors [ 99 ]. Interestingly, in a recent retrospective study, one specific type of papillary stone (calcium oxalate monohydrate, COM) was found to have developed from crystals or organic matter that was attached to the renal papilla [ 101 ]. Indeed, it is believed that renal subepithelial papillary hydroxyapatite calcification is involved in COM stone formation [ 102 ], with recent evidence showing that hydroxyapatite crystals in the papillary, which can form into Randall’s Plaque, can certainly become the nidus of a COM papillary stone [ 103 ].…”

Section: Vascular Calcification and Stone Formation Similarities Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascular Calcification and Stone Disease: A New Look towards the Mechanism

Yiu

Callaghan

Sultana

et al. 2015

JCDD

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Calcium phosphate (CaP) crystals are formed in pathological calcification as well as during stone formation. Although there are several theories as to how these crystals can develop through the combined interactions of biochemical and biophysical factors, the exact mechanism of such mineralization is largely unknown. Based on the published scientific literature, we found that common factors can link the initial stages of stone formation and calcification in anatomically distal tissues and organs. For example, changes to the spatiotemporal conditions of the fluid flow in tubular structures may provide initial condition(s) for CaP crystal generation needed for stone formation. Additionally, recent evidence has provided a meaningful association between the active participation of proteins and transcription factors found in the bone forming (ossification) mechanism that are also involved in the early stages of kidney stone formation and arterial calcification. Our review will focus on three topics of discussion (physiological influences—calcium and phosphate concentration—and similarities to ossification, or bone formation) that may elucidate some commonality in the mechanisms of stone formation and calcification, and pave the way towards opening new avenues for further research.

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Renal papillary calcification and the development of calcium oxalate monohydrate papillary renal calculi: a case series study

Cited by 13 publications

References 36 publications

Ex Vivo Removal of Stones in Donor Kidneys by Flexible Ureteroscopy Prior to Renal Transplantation: A Case Report

Ex Vivo Removal of Stones in Donor Kidneys by Flexible Ureteroscopy Prior to Renal Transplantation: A Case Report

Medical Management of Urinary Calculi: Up to Date 2016

Vascular Calcification and Stone Disease: A New Look towards the Mechanism

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