Renal Regulation of the Extracellular Fluid in Acute Respiratory Acidaemia

Denton, D. A.; Maxwell, M.H.; McDonald, I. R.; Munro, J. A.; Williams, Wendy

doi:10.1038/icb.1952.48

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…This possibly also accounts for the values off = 74 breaths/min and rE = 28 1./min reported by Amoroso, Scott & Williams (1964). The values for venous whole blood pH and total CO2 content agree with those found by Denton, Maxwell, McDonald, Munro & Williams (1952). Both the venous and arterial pH and CO2 content of these sheep are higher than in many other mammals (Altman et al 1958).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Respiratory function during thermal tachypnoea in sheep

Hales¹,

Webster²

1967

The Journal of Physiology

117

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SUMMARY1. Four Merino wethers were exposed to dry bulb temperatures ranging from approximately 20 to 60°C, and the concurrent changes in respiratory frequency, tidal volume, respiratory minute volume, alveolar ventilation, dead space ventilation, carbon dioxide output, rectal temperature, and arterial and mixed venous blood, CO2 content, CO2 partial pressure and pH were established.2. The respiratory response to heat exposure showed two phases. Respiratory minute volume was initially increased by a rise in the respiratory frequency, while tidal volume decreased. After more prolonged exposure there was a second phase in which respiratory minute volume was further increased by an increase in the tidal volume; respiratory frequency was now slower than in the first phase but was still well above control values.3. The increase in respiratory minute volume during the first phase of the response was restricted almost entirely to the respiratory dead space; changes in blood CO2 and pH were slight. In the second phase, respiratory minute volume showed a much greater increase, and a change of alveolar ventilation to about 5 times the control level resulted in severe respiratory alkalosis.4. Contrary to findings in cattle, the slower, deeper form of respiration could be elicited even with rectal temperature in the normal range. This change in respiration appears to be the result of either peripheral thermoreceptor function or mechanical demands of the respiratory system. The neglect of control of acid-base balance during the second phase indicates the existence of a dominant thermal stimulus or modification of respiratory control mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Respiratory function during thermal tachypnoea in sheep

Hales¹,

Webster²

1967

The Journal of Physiology

117

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated that acute hypercapnia in animals with intact parathyroid glands is associated with an increase in the urinary excretioni of phosphorus (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). The exact mechanism responsible for this phosphaturia remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Phosphaturia and Acute Hypercapnia in the Rat

Webb¹,

Woodhall²,

Tisher³

et al. 1977

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…As the initial urinary excretion rates were in the normal range in the present experiments, it is concluded that increased excretion of water is part of the renal response. It has been suggested earlier (Denton et al, 1952a(Denton et al, , 1952b) that a constancy displayed in the ratio Cl:Na in extracellular fiuid has some biological significance. Tlie ratio was shown to be constant in circumstances where sodium was lost from the body in excess of chloride, the constancy being maintained by a differential renal excretion of these two ions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Renal Regulation of the Extracellular Ionic Pattern During Hyperventilation

McDonald

Coats

Munro

1953

Aust J Exp Biol Med

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The renal excretion of water and electrolytes appears to be modified by stimuli resulting from change in the volume, osmotic pressure, and ionic pattern of the extracellular fluid (Welt, 1952; Smith, 1952;Denton et al., 1952a). The experiments to be reported in this paper are part of an investigation into the meclianisms of the renal component of regulation of the extracellular ionic pattern. Hyperventilation produces a fall in the partial pressure of CO2 in the extracellular fluid. As a consequence the concentration of dissolved CO2 and of carbonic acid falls. If the bicarbonate concentration remains constant, the extracellular pH ris^, in accordance with the prediction of the Henderson-Hasselbaleh equation for the carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer: pH = 6-1 -}-log J?li^^J^?[. It is known that chronic hyperventilation in man, IHHCO3) produced by acclimatization at high altitude, is associated with a low extracellular bicarbonate concentration and a high ratio of chloride to sodium (Dill, Talbott, and Consolazio, 1937). Experiments in controlled passive ventilation by Eichelberger and Hastings (1937) indicate that in the dog hyporventilation for a period of one hour produces similar changes in the extracellular fluid, although compensation is not complete in that the pH rises considerably. Studies on renal excretion during hyperventilation by McCance and Widdowson (193G) and Stanbury and Thomson (1952) show that in man voluntary overbreathing for a period of approximately 30 minutes produces an increase in bicarbonate excretion both absolutely and relatively to the two main urinary cations sodium and potassium, a decrease in chloride excretion relatively to sodium and potassium, and an increase in the urinary pH. An increase in urinary flow was observed by McCanee and Widdowson, but not by Stanburj' and Tliomson. The latter authors found that, in the short period of their experiments, although a definite fall in the extracellular i)iearbonate concentration occurred, there was no alteration in the concentrations of sodium and chloride. They concluded that an increase in the concentration of organic acids restored the extracellular anion-cation balance. They also observed a fall in the extracellular potassium and phosphate concentrations. The extracellular

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Renal Regulation of the Extracellular Fluid in Acute Respiratory Acidaemia

Cited by 15 publications

References 1 publication

Respiratory function during thermal tachypnoea in sheep

Respiratory function during thermal tachypnoea in sheep

Relationship between Phosphaturia and Acute Hypercapnia in the Rat

The Renal Regulation of the Extracellular Ionic Pattern During Hyperventilation

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