Renal thromboembolism from a large pulmonary artery to a pulmonary vein fistula in an asymptomatic adolescent

Abstract

Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula is a rare vascular anomaly that can cause significant morbidity and mortality. The presence and significance of symptoms are dependent on the size of the right-to-left shunt. Thromboembolic events may result in cerebrovascular accidents or systemic vascular occlusions. We present a case of an adolescent without cardiorespiratory symptoms, who developed flank pain due to renal infarction, followed by a brief literature review.

Case Report: Hemoptysis Caused by Pulmonary Tuberculosis Complicated With Bronchial Artery-Pulmonary Artery Fistula in Children

“…The cause of PAVMs remains unclear-the majority are congenital (80%), and a strong association with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) has been described in the literature (47-90%) (8). The acquisition has been associated with pathological factors such as cirrhosis, infectious diseases, trauma, mitral stenosis, Fanconi syndrome, and metastatic cancer (9). Some authors suggest that the traffic branches between pulmonary circulation and systemic circulation are occluded after birth when the baby breathes independently, and that BPF occurs when this occlusion fails.…”

An Update on Embolization for Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations

“…Most PAVMs are congenital, and a tight association (47%-90%) with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT), also known as Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome, has been described in the literature [7][8][9][10][11][12]. HHT is an autosomal dominant disorder associated with the mutation of one of the following proteins: endoglin (HHT1 subtype) or activin A receptor type II-like 1 (HHT2 subtype) [13,14].…”