Renal vein thrombosis in a patient secondary to high grade Rhabdoid renal cell carcinoma: a case report and review of literature

Abstract

Introduction: Renal cell carcinoma, a common kidney tumor which is often incidentally discovered on imaging, can manifest with atypical symptoms. Renal cell carcinoma with rhabdoid features is a rare occurrence and even rarer in case of adults. Renal cell carcinoma has the tendency to form thrombus that can migrate to renal vein, inferior venacava and even right atrium. Case Presentation: The authors report a case of an 81-year-old male with rhabdoid renal cell carcinoma presenting with persistent cough for six to seven months. with tumor thrombus extending into the renal vein and hepatic inferior vena cava. The patient was found feeble for the surgery and hence was treated on anticancer drugs pembrolizumab and axitinib. Conclusion: Renal cell carcinoma has the tendency to form tumor thrombus in renal vein and inferior vena cava. Prognosis without surgical intervention in these conditions is very poor.